exogenous

Examples of exogenous in the following topics:

• Bacterial Transformation

  • Transformation is the direct uptake, incorporation and expression of exogenous genetic material from its surroundings.
  • In molecular biology, transformation is genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the direct uptake, incorporation and expression of exogenous genetic material (exogenous DNA) from its surroundings and taken up through the cell membrane(s) .
  • Competence refers to the state of being able to take up exogenous DNA from the environment.
  • The transport of the exogeneous DNA into the cells may require proteins that are involved in the assembly of type IV pili and type II secretion system, as well as DNA translocase complex at the cytoplasmic membrane.
  • The exogenous DNA is incorporated into the host cell's chromosome via recombination.

• Passive Immunization

  • Passive immunization can be exogenously administered (artificial) or transferred from mother to fetus (natural).

• Complement Fixation

  • The first component is an indicator system that uses combination of sheep red blood cells, complement-fixing antibody such as immunoglobulin G produced against the sheep red blood cells and an exogenous source of complement usually guinea pig serum.

• Fermentation Without Substrate-Level Phosphorylation

  • In contrast, respiration is where electrons are donated to an exogenous electron acceptor, such as oxygen, via an electron transport chain.

• Plasmids as Cloning Vectors

  • Plasmids can be used as cloning vectors, allowing the insertion of exogenous DNA into a bacterial target.

• Bacterial Skin Diseases

  • Cellulitis can be caused by normal skin flora or by exogenous bacteria, and often occurs where the skin has previously been broken.

• Host Risk Factors

  • Risk of infection is a nursing diagnosis which is defined as "the state in which an individual is at risk to be invaded by an opportunistic or pathogenic agent (virus, fungus, bacteria, protozoa, or other parasite) from endogenous or exogenous sources. " The risk of infection depends on a number of endogenous sources.

• Sporulation in Bacillus

  • The secretion of hydrolytic enzymes to scavenge extracellular proteins and polysaccharides, or the induction of ‘competence' for uptake of exogenous DNA for consumption, with the occasional side-effect that new genetic information is stably integrated.

• Metabolomics

  • In contrast, in human-based metabolomics it is more common to describe metabolites as being either endogenous (produced by the host organism) or exogenous.