gluconeogenesis
(noun)
A metabolic process which glucose is formed from non-carbohydrate precursors.
Examples of gluconeogenesis in the following topics:
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Pyruvic Acid and Metabolism
- Pyruvic acid can be made from glucose through glycolysis, converted back to carbohydrates (such as glucose) via gluconeogenesis, or to fatty acids through acetyl-CoA.
- Pyruvate is also converted to oxaloacetate by an anaplerotic reaction, which replenishes Krebs cycle intermediates; also, oxaloacetate is used for gluconeogenesis.
- Pyruvate can be converted into carbohydrates via gluconeogenesis, to fatty acids or energy through acetyl-CoA, to the amino acid alanine, and to ethanol.
- Pyruvic acid can be made from glucose through glycolysis, converted back to carbohydrates (such as glucose) via gluconeogenesis, or to fatty acids through acetyl-CoA.
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Biosynthesis and Energy
- The process of gluconeogenesis, characterized by the production of glucose or fructose from noncarbohydrate precursors, is an ubiquitous process.
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Polysaccharide Biosynthesis
- Gluconeogenesis (abbreviated GNG) is a metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon substrates such as phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP).
- This reaction is a rate-limiting step in gluconeogenesis.
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Fermentation Without Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
- Pyruvic acid can be made from glucose through glycolysis, converted back to carbohydrates (such as glucose) via gluconeogenesis, or to fatty acids through acetyl-CoA.
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Substrates for Biosynthesis
- Additional pathways that require substrates or metabolites produced by the glycolytic pathway include: gluconeogenesis, lipid metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, and the TCA.
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Intermediates Produced During the Calvin Cycle
- The additional 3-PGA is utilized in additional metabolic pathways such as glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.
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Types of Catabolism
- The glucogenic amino acids can also be converted into glucose, through gluconeogenesis.
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Regulation of the Calvin Cycle
- Additionally, aldolase can be utilized to promote a reverse reaction in gluconeogenesis as well.