inguinal hernia

Examples of inguinal hernia in the following topics:

• Inguinal Hernia

  • An inguinal hernia is a protrusion of abdominal-cavity contents through the inguinal canal.
  • An inguinal hernia is a protrusion of abdominal-cavity contents through the inguinal canal .
  • The hernia truss is intended to contain a reducible inguinal hernia within the abdomen.
  • Surgical correction of inguinal hernias is called a hernia repair.
  • Diagram of an indirect, scrotal inguinal hernia (median view from the left).

• Cryptorchidism

  • In 90% of cases an undescended testis can be palpated in the inguinal canal; in the minority, the testis or testes are in the abdomen or nonexistent (truly "hidden").
  • Undescended testes are also more susceptible to testicular torsion and infarction, and inguinal hernias.
  • When the undescended testis is in the inguinal canal, hormonal therapy is sometimes attempted and occasionally successful.
  • Although many trials have been published, the reported success rates range widely, from roughly 5 to 50%, probably reflecting the varying criteria for distinguishing retractile testes from low inguinal testes.

• Embryological and Fetal Events

  • A failure in this process causes indirect inguinal hernia.

• Premature Infants

  • Gastrointestinal and metabolic issues can arise from hypoglycemia, feeding difficulties, rickets of prematurity, hypocalcemia, inguinal hernia, and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).

• Lumbar Plexus

  • The largest nerve of the plexus is the femoral nerve and it supplies the anterior muscles of the thigh and a part of skin distal to the inguinal ligament.
  • Its terminal branch then runs parallel to the inguinal ligament to exit the aponeurosis of the abdominal external oblique above the external inguinal ring, where it supplies the skin above the inguinal ligament (i.e., the hypogastric region) with the anterior cutaneous branch.
  • It pierces the lateral abdominal wall and runs medially at the level of the inguinal ligament where it supplies motor branches to both the transversus abdominis and sensory branches through the external inguinal ring to the skin over the pubic symphysis and the lateral aspect of the labia majora in females, and in males, the scrotum.
  • The lateral femoral branch is purely sensory and pierces the vascular lacuna near the saphenous hiatus and supplies the skin below the inguinal ligament.
  • In females, it runs in the inguinal canal together with the teres uteri ligament.

• Pulled Groin

  • In human anatomy, the groin (the adjective is inguinal, as in inguinal canal) areas are the two creases at the junction of the torso with the legs, on either side of the pubic area.

• Pubis

  • This tubercle, found roughly 3 cm from the pubic symphysis, is a distinctive feature on the lower part of the abdominal wall and is useful when attempting to localize the superficial inguinal ring and the femoral canal of the inguinal canal.

• Testes Ducts

  • The ductus (vas) deferens, also called sperm duct, extends from the epididymis in the scrotum on its own side into the abdominal cavity through the inguinal canal.
  • The inguinal canal is an opening in the abdominal wall for the spermatic cord.

• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

  • GERD is usually caused by changes in the barrier between the stomach and the esophagus, including abnormal relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter, which normally holds the top of the stomach closed; another cause may be impaired expulsion of gastric reflux from the esophagus, or a hiatal hernia .
  • Hiatal hernia, which increases the likelihood of GERD due to mechanical and motility factors

• Veins of the Abdomen and Pelvis

  • The deep circumflex iliac vein is formed by the union of the venae comitantes of the deep iliac circumflex artery, and joins the external iliac vein about 2 cm above the inguinal ligament.