pneumonia

(noun)

An acute or chronic inflammation of the lungs caused by viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms, or sometimes by physical or chemical irritants.

Examples of pneumonia in the following topics:

  • Pneumonia

    • Vaccines to prevent certain types of pneumonia are available.
    • Presumed bacterial pneumonia is treated with antibiotics.
    • Pneumonia can be classified in several ways.
    • Pneumonia fills the lung's alveoli with fluid and hinders oxygenation .
    • Viral pneumonia may last longer, and mycoplasmal pneumonia may take four to six weeks to resolve completely.

  • Ruptured Spleen

    • Patients whose spleens have been removed must receive immunizations to help prevent infections such as pneumonia.

  • Cystic Fibrosis

    • Many of these symptoms occur when bacteria that normally inhabit the thick mucus grow out of control and cause pneumonia.
    • Antibiotics are absolutely necessary whenever pneumonia is suspected or there has been a noticeable decline in lung function, and are usually chosen based on the results of a sputum analysis and the patient's past response.

  • Spleen

    • However, retrospective epidemiological studies of World War II veterans found that those who had their spleens removed on the battlefield showed significant mortality risk from pneumonia and a significant excess of mortality from ischemic heart disease, but not from other conditions.
    • In particular, there is an increased risk to infection from gram negative bacteria that cause pneumonia.

  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

    • In later stages of the disease, aspiration pneumonia and maintaining a healthy weight can become a significant problem and may require insertion of a feeding tube.
    • Most people with ALS die of respiratory failure or pneumonia.

  • Sinusitis

    • If the infection is of bacterial origin, the most common three causative agents are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis.

  • Microbial Evasion of Phagocytosis

    • Streptococcus pneumoniae produces several types of capsule which provide different levels of protection, and group A streptococci produce proteins such as M protein and fimbrial proteins to block engulfment.

  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome

    • ARDS can occur within 24 to 48 hours of an injury (trauma, burns, aspiration, massive blood transfusion, drug/alcohol abuse) or an acute illness (infectious pneumonia, sepsis, acute pancreatitis).

  • Cytokine Therapy

    • ., S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa) has activated particular pattern recognition receptors on/in epithelial cells, the proinflammatory signaling pathways are activated.

  • Medulla Injury

    • Speech therapy may be beneficial to determined diet recommendations and help to understand if there is risk for aspiration pneumonia.