Examples of linkage institutions in the following topics:
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- Linkage institutions provide a way for people to get involved in government and the political process.
- They are not the only linkage institutions; others include blogs, non-partisan local governments, and school boards.
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- The international monetary structure involves international institutions, regional trading blocs, private players, and national governments.
- The main components in the international monetary structure are global institutions (such as the International Monetary Fund and Bank for International Settlements), national agencies and government departments (such as central banks and finance ministries), private institutions acting on the global scale (such as banks and hedge funds), and regional institutions (like the Eurozone or NAFTA).
- The most prominent international institutions are the International Monetary Fund (IMF) , the World Bank, and the World Trade Organization (WTO).
- Certain regional institutions also play a role in the structure of the international monetary system.
- The liberal view of the international monetary structure holds that the exchange of currencies should be determined not by state institutions but instead individual players at a market level.
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- The actual development and implementation of policies are under the purview of different bureaucratic institutions.
- However, the actual development and implementation of policies are under the purview of different bureaucratic institutions mainly comprised cabinet departments, independent executive agencies, government corporations, and regulatory agencies.
- Another type of bureaucratic institution is a regulatory commission, an agency charged with writing rules and arbitrating disputes in a specific part of the economy.
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- Proponents of affirmative action contend that affirmative action programs give minorities the same educational advantages and opportunities that should be afforded to all races and attempt to compensate for past institutional racism.
- This argument supports the idea of solely-class based affirmative action or the idea that affirmative action programs should be instituted based on social class rather than race .
- In all four of these states, voters demanded that state institutions, including public institutions of higher education, disband all programs that take race and ethnicity into account for admissions.
- These suits are normally sought by Caucasian students who were not admitted to institutions of higher education while lower scoring minority students were admitted.
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- The Federal Reserve is the central banking system of the United States, which conducts the nation's monetary policy, supervises and regulates banking institutions, maintains the stability of the financial system, and provides financial services to depository institutions, the U.S. government, and foreign official institutions.
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- Institutional approaches look at the ways in which legal documents and organizations shape the ability to vote.
- Additionally, the weaker electoral institutions in the US, including more decentralized election processes and a weaker party system, mean that there are few institutions working to actively incorporate newly naturalized citizens or second generation citizens into the voting process.
- One important institutional change aimed at lowering the cost for Latino voter participation is the Language Minority Provision of the Voting Rights Act, first introduced in 1975, and then amended in 1992 and 2006.
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- Bureaucracy is a type of organizational or institutional management that is, as Weber understood it, rooted in legal-rational authority.
- Bureaucracy is a complex means of managing life in social institutions that includes rules and regulations, patterns and procedures that both are designed to simplify the functioning of complex organizations.
- Weber did believe bureaucracy was the most rational form of institutional governance, but because Weber viewed rationalization as the driving force of society, he believed bureaucracy would increase until it ruled society.
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- Institutional approaches look at the ways in which legal documents and organizations impact the ability to vote.
- While the fifteenth amendment provided legal protection for voting rights based on race, during the Jim Crow era, politicians created new institutions to suppress the vote of Black residents.
- This act removed a large institutional barrier to voting and helped to further protect voting rights.
- Explain the institutional barriers that prevented African Americans from participating in American politics
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- Research intended to inform education policy is carried out in a wide variety of institutions and in many academic disciplines.
- The quality of educational institutions and their degrees is maintained through an informal private process known as accreditation, over which the Department of Education has no direct public jurisdictional control.
- Discuss the institutions and issues relevant to current education policy in the United States and the sources of education policy evaluation and analysis
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- In the United States, affirmative action refers to two different institutional capacities: 1) the proactive integration of minorities in settings of higher education, possibly by the use of different admissions standards and 2) equal opportunity employment measures that federal contractors are legally required to adopt.
- In California, Proposition 209 (the California Civil Rights Initiative) was passed in 1996 and amended the state constitution to prohibit state government institutions from considering race, sex, or ethnicity, specifically in the areas of public employment, public contracting, and public education.
- The MCRI was legislation aimed at stopping the preferential treatment of minorities (by race, color, sex, or religion) in receiving admission to colleges, jobs, and other publicly funded institutions.