appraisal

Examples of appraisal in the following topics:

• Appraisal Theory of Emotion

  • According to appraisal theory, our interpretation of a situation causes an emotional response that is based on that interpretation.
  • The appraisal theory of emotion, developed primarily through the work of prominent researchers Magda Arnold and Richard Lazarus, proposes that emotions are extracted from our "appraisals" (i.e., our evaluations, interpretations, and explanations) of events.
  • This appraisal mediates between the stimulus and the emotional response, and it is immediate and often unconscious.
  • In his research, Lazarus specified two major types of appraisal methods: 1) primary appraisal, which seeks to establish the significance or meaning of an event, and 2) secondary appraisal, which assesses the ability of the individual to cope with the consequences of the event.
  • According to Lazarus' cognitive-mediational theory, upon encountering a stressor, a person judges its potential threat (via primary appraisal) and then determines if effective options are available to manage the situation (via secondary appraisal).

• Defining Emotion

  • Emotions are subjective experiences that involve physiological arousal and cognitive appraisal.
  • Emotions are subjective states of being that, physiologically speaking, involve physiological arousal, psychological appraisal and cognitive processes, subjective experiences, and expressive behavior.
  • Our psychological appraisal of a situation is informed by our experiences, background, and culture.
  • Among these are appraisal theory, the James–Lange theory, the Cannon–Bard theory, the Schachter–Singer theory, and the facial-feedback hypothesis.

• Coping with Stress

  • The three most common distinctions are appraisal-focused, problem-focused, and emotion-focused coping strategies.
  • The root of stress is the cognitive appraisal of an event as stressful or stress-inducing.
  • Primary appraisal is the extent to which a person perceives an event as benign or threatening and harmful.
  • Secondary appraisal is the estimation of whether a person has the resources or abilities necessary to deal with what has already been deemed stressful.
  • An individual can effectively cope with stressors by appraising stressful situations and having confidence in their ability handle situations that are stressful.

• Conscious vs. Unconscious Emotion

  • Cognitive appraisal—The individual assesses the event cognitively, which cues the emotion.

• Comparing Motivation to Emotion

  • An alternative definition of emotion is a "positive or negative experience that is associated with a particular pattern of physiological activity. " In Klaus Scherer's components processing model of emotion, five crucial elements of emotion are said to exist: cognitive appraisal, bodily symptoms, action tendencies, expression, and feelings.

• The Value of Social Support in Managing Stress

  • Social support works by promoting adaptive appraisal that in turn leads to increased coping ability.

• Careers in Psychology

  • It focuses on the psychology of the workforce, including issues such as recruitment, selecting employees from an applicant pool, performance appraisal, job satisfaction, work behavior, stress at work, and management.

• Managing Stress Through Conventional and Alternative Medicine

  • While external stressors can produce valid and measurable stress in the body, this reaction is entirely dependent on the appraisal formed by the stressed person.

• Group Behavior

  • It has been further defined as a mode of thinking that people engage in when they are deeply involved in a cohesive group, when the members' strivings for unanimity override their motivation to realistically appraise alternative courses of action.

• Introduction to Psychotherapy

  • Cognitive therapy seeks to identify maladaptive cognitions (thoughts), appraisals, beliefs, and reactions, with the aim of influencing destructive negative emotions.