Examples of revolutionary social movements in the following topics:
-
- Social movements occur when large groups of individuals or organizations work for or against change in social and/or political matters.
- Social movements can be aimed at change on an individual level, e.g.
- The diagram below illustrates how a social movement may either be alternative, redemptive, reformative or revolutionary based on who the movement strives to change and how much change the movement desires to bring about .
- Violent movements resort to violence when seeking social change.
- Based on who a movement is trying to change and how much change a movement is advocating, Aberle identified four types of social movements: redemptive, reformative, revolutionary and alternative.
-
- Socialism is an economic system in which the means of production are socially owned and used to meet human needs, not to create profits.
- Socialism is an economic system in which the means of production are socially owned and used to meet human needs instead of to create profits.
- Social ownership of the means of production can take many forms.
- As a political movement, socialism includes a diverse array of political philosophies, ranging from reformism to revolutionary socialism, from a planned economy to market socialism.
- Discuss the various implementations of socialism, from reformism to revolutionary socialism
-
-
- Karl Marx saw capitalism as a progressive historical stage that would eventually be followed by socialism.
- The Occupy Wall Street movement is an example of how many Americans are dissatisfied with the current capitalist system and seek more equal distribution of opportunity and goods.
- Among those wishing to replace capitalism with a different method of production and social organization, a distinction can be made between those believing that capitalism can only be overcome with revolution (e.g., revolutionary socialism) and those believing that structural change can come slowly through political reforms to capitalism (e.g., classic social democracy).
- They have argued that this tendency of the system to unravel, combined with a socialization process that links workers in a worldwide market, create the objective conditions for revolutionary change.
- Normative Marxism advocates for a revolutionary overthrow of capitalism that would lead to socialism, before eventually transforming into communism after class antagonisms and the state cease to exist.
-
- Sociologists draw distinctions between social movements and social movement organizations (SMOs).
- A social movement organization is a formally organized component of a social movement.
- Thus, promoting veganism would be considered the social movement, while PETA would be considered a particular SMO (social movement organization) working within the broader social movement.
- It is interesting to note that social movements can spawn counter movements.
- Discover the difference between social movements and social movement organizations, as well as the four areas social movements operate within
-
- Mary Ann Weathers demonstrates intersectionality in action in "An Argument for Black Women's Liberation as a Revolutionary Force."
- The first and second waves of the feminist movement were primarily driven by white women, who did not adequately represent the feminist movement as a whole.
- Intersectionality suggests that various biological, social and cultural categories, including gender, race, class and ethnicity, interact and contribute towards systematic social inequality.
- Mary Ann Weathers demonstrates intersectionality in action in "An Argument for Black Women's Liberation as a Revolutionary Force."
- The first and second waves of the feminist movement were primarily driven by white women, who did not adequately represent the feminist movement as a whole.
-
- Social movements are any broad social alliances of people who are connected through their shared interest in blocking or affecting social change.
- Social movements do not have to be formally organized.
- A distinction is drawn between social movements and social movement organizations (SMOs).
- A social movement organization is a formally organized component of a social movement.
- It is also interesting to note that social movements can spawn counter movements.
-
- Social mobility refers to the movement of individuals or groups in social position over time.
- Social mobility typically refers to vertical mobility—movement of individuals or groups up or down from one socio-economic level to another, often by changing jobs or marriage.
- Nonetheless, social mobility can also refer to horizontal mobility—movement from one position to another within the same social level, as when someone changes between two equally prestigious occupations.
- In pre-revolutionary France, a nobleman, however poor, was from the "second estate" of society and thus considered superior to a wealthy merchant (from the "third estate").
- In the 19th century, the U.S. had much higher social mobility than comparably developed nations like the U.K., due in part to the common school movement and open public school system, a large farming industry, and high geographic mobility.
-
- Aberle described four types of social movements based upon two characteristics: (1) who is the movement attempting to change and (2) how much change is being advocated.
- Social movements can be aimed at change on an individual level (e.g., AA) or change on a broader, group or even societal level (e.g., anti-globalization).
- Social movements can also advocate for minor changes (e.g., tougher restrictions on drunk driving; see MADD) or radical changes (e.g., prohibition).
-
- For Tilly, social movements are a major vehicle for ordinary people's participation in public politics.
- He specifically distinguishes social movements from political parties and advocacy groups.
- Social movements are not eternal.
- In fact, one of the difficulties in studying social movements is that movement success is often ill-defined because the goals of a movement can change.
- Discuss the process and purpose of social movements, defined by Blumer, Mauss and Tilly