official recognition

Examples of official recognition in the following topics:

• Confederate Diplomacy

  • During its four-year existence, the Confederate States of America actively sought official recognition and aid from European powers, particularly Britain and France.
  • The United States government considered the Southern states to be in rebellion and refused to grant formal recognition of the Confederacy as a sovereign state.
  • Mid-war parlays between the two sides occurred without formal political recognition despite the fact that laws of international war governed military relationships on the ground.
  • They were unofficially interviewed, but neither secured official recognition for the Confederacy.
  • Throughout the early years of the war, British Foreign Secretary Lord John Russell, Emperor Napoleon III of France, and, to a lesser extent, British Prime Minister Lord Palmerston, showed interest in recognition of the Confederacy or at least in mediation of the war.

• International Diplomacy

  • Seward, worked to block this and threatened war if any country officially recognized the existence of the Confederate States of America.
  • Recognition of the Confederacy seemed at hand, but Lincoln released two detained Confederate diplomats, tensions cooled, and the Confederacy gained no advantage.
  • But the Union victory at the Battle of Antietam and internal opposition of British abolitionists resulted in no British recognition.
  • Representatives to Britain and France were unofficially interviewed but did not offer official recognition for the Confederacy.
  • Confederate offers late in the war to end slavery in return for diplomatic recognition were not seriously considered by London or Paris.

• The Development of Holidays

  • Following Jackson's election as president, the day earned official national recognition.
  • The Eighth continued as an official national holiday from 1828 until the Civil War.
  • The establishment of official federal holidays acted as a cultural signifier that both mirrored other areas of the world and distinguished the United States as its own country.
  • By marking an official day to celebrate people (such as the first president of the United States) and events (such as the day Americans gained independence from Britain and formed the new nation, and the day Andrew Jackson was victorious over the British army in New Orleans), these holidays fostered a sense of patriotism in the American public.

• NATO and the Militarization and Interventions Abroad

  • US officials feared that an Iranian victory would embolden Islamic fundamentalists in the Arab states, perhaps leading to the overthrow of secular governments—and damage to Western corporate interests—in Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Kuwait.
  • In opposition to the condemnations issued by the US Congress and public demands for diplomatic or economic sanctions, Reagan made relatively minor criticisms of the regime, which was otherwise internationally isolated, and the US granted recognition to the government.
  • Reagan administration officials saw the apartheid government as a key anti-communist ally.

• The Mood in America

  • Stimson, United States Secretary of State in the Hoover Administration (1929–1933), it applied the principle of non-recognition of international territorial changes that were executed by force (ex injuria jus non oritur).
  • Under-Secretary of State Sumner Welles in a declaration of July 23, 1940, that announced non-recognition of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of the three Baltic states—Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania—and remained the official U.S. position until the Baltic states regained independence in 1991.
  • Secretary of State in the Hoover Administration, who proposed a doctrine based on the principle of non-recognition of international changes resulting from the use of force.

• Peace Overtures and the Evacuation of Philadelphia

  • The commission was authorized to negotiate with the Continental Congress as a body, representing a change in official British government policy, which had previously been willing to treat only with individual colonies.
  • Congress rejected the peace terms, which did not include recognition of the Declaration of Independence.

• The United Nations

  • Upon the ratification of the Charter of the United Nations in October 1945, the United Nations was officially established.
  • Because of the widespread recognition that humankind could not afford a third world war, the United Nations was established to replace the flawed League of Nations in 1945.
  • The UN headquarters officially opened on January 9, 1951, although construction was not formally completed until October 9, 1952.
  • The term was first officially used on January 1, 1942, when 26 governments signed the Atlantic Charter, pledging to continue the war effort.
  • The UN officially came into existence on October 24, 1945 upon ratification of the Charter by the five then-permanent members of the Security Council—France, the Republic of China, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States—and by a majority of the other 46 signatories.

• The Breakdown of Sectional Balance

  • -British boundary in Oregon.However, rather than go to war with both Mexico and Britain, Polk opted for a diplomatic compromise to divide the Oregon territory at the 49th parallel.The compromise was made official by the Oregon Treaty in 1846.This allowed Polk to concentrate on the conflict with Mexico and gave the U.S. present-day Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and Wyoming.However, the Oregon Treaty also angered war-hungry northern Democrats who criticized Polk for prioritizing southern expansion over northern expansion.
  • Mexico's cession of Alta California and Nuevo México and its recognition of U.S. sovereignty over all of Texas north of the Rio Grande formalized the addition of 1.2 million square miles of territory to the United States, with a final territorial adjustment between Mexico and the U.S. made with the Gadsden Purchase in 1853.

• Secession of the South

  • Immediately following Fort Sumter, the Confederate Congress declared war against the United States and the Civil War officially began.
  • The U.S. government, on the other hand, regarded the organization of Confederate states a rebellion and refused any formal recognition of their government.

• The Disputed Election of 2000

  • Bush narrowly won the November 7 election with 271 electoral votes to Gore's 266 (with one elector abstaining in the official tally).
  • Bush became the early front-runner, acquiring unprecedented funding, a broad base of leadership support from his governorship of Texas, and the name recognition and connections of the Bush family.