The Eighth

Examples of The Eighth in the following topics:

• The Development of Holidays

  • The scope and the name of the holiday were expanded in 1954 to honor Americans who fought in World War II and the Korean conflict.
  • Between 1828 and 1861, a holiday known as "The Eighth" marked the U.S. victory in the Battle of New Orleans on January 8, 1815 (led by Tennessee's Andrew Jackson).
  • The Eighth continued as an official national holiday from 1828 until the Civil War.
  • New Year's Day celebrates the beginning of the Gregorian calendar year and marks the traditional end of Christmas and the holiday season.
  • The advent of American-specific holidays, however, such as Washington's birthday, Independence Day, Thanksgiving, and the Eighth, reflected the formation of a national American identity during the nineteenth century.

• The North Africa Campaign

  • The Western Desert Campaign, also known as the Desert War, was the initial stage of the North African Campaign.
  • They then pushed the Axis forces back to where they had started by the end of the year.
  • On the final Axis push to Egypt the Allies retreated to El Alamein, where at the Second Battle of El Alamein the Eighth Army defeated the Axis forces, which never recovered and were driven out of Libya to Tunisia, where they were defeated in the Tunisia Campaign.
  • The Vichy army in North Africa joined the Allies.
  • By the beginning of March 1943, the British Eighth Army—advancing westward along the North African coast—had reached the Tunisian border.

• Sicily and Italy

  • The Italian Campaign of World War II was the name of Allied operations in and around Italy, from 1943 to the end of the war in Europe.
  • The plan for Operation Husky called for the amphibious assault of the island by two armies, one landing on the south eastern coast and one on the central southern coast.
  • When the Eighth Army were held up by stubborn defences in the rugged hills south of Mount Etna, Patton amplified the American role by a wide advance northwest toward Palermo and then directly north to cut the northern coastal road.
  • This was followed by an eastward advance north of Etna towards Messina, supported by a series of amphibious landings on the north coast, that propelled Patton's troops into Messina shortly before the first elements of Eighth Army.
  • However, this was not to be; although, for a while, Eighth Army was able to make relatively easy progress up the eastern coast, capturing the port of Bari and the important airfields around Foggia.

• Early Efforts in Urban Reform

  • Because the managers had locked the doors to the stairwells and exits—a common practice at the time to prevent pilferage and unauthorized breaks—many of the workers who could not escape the burning building jumped to the streets below from the eighth, ninth, and tenth floors.
  • The first, in 1909, was known as the "Uprising of the 20,000” and lasted 14 weeks.
  • That, however, only prompted the rest of the workers to seek help from the union.
  • The news of the strike spread quickly to all of the New York garment workers.
  • The industrial disaster was the deadliest in the history of New York City.

• The Ford Administration

  • Gerald Ford was the 38th President of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977.
  • Gerald Rudolph "Jerry" Ford, Jr. was the thirty-eighth President of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977, and prior to this the fortieth Vice President of the United States serving from 1973 to 1974.
  • One of the first acts the new president took to deal with the economy was to create the Economic Policy Board by Executive Order on September 30, 1974.
  • Ford continued the détente policy with both the Soviet Union and China, easing the tensions of the Cold War.
  • Discuss the Ford administration's policies regarding the Cold War, the Vietnam war, and the economy.

• The Bill of Rights

  • The Bill of Rights refers to the first ten amendments of the Constitution that outlines the basic freedoms held by American citizens.
  • The Bill of Rights is the collective name for the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution.
  • However, the idea of adding a bill of rights to the Constitution met with some resistance from the Federalists.
  • Second Amendment: establishes the right of the state to having militia and the right of the individual to keep and bear arms.
  • Eighth Amendment: prohibits of excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment.

• The Albany Congress and the Intercolonial Defense

  • Although rejected by England and the colonies, the Albany Plan became a useful guide in the years leading up to the Revolutionary War.
  • Benjamin Franklin proposed a plan for uniting the seven colonies that greatly exceeded the scope of the congress.
  • The plan was also rejected by the Colonial Office.
  • Many in the British government, already wary of some of the strong-willed colonial assemblies, disliked the idea of consolidating additional power into the hands of the colonists.
  • "Join, or Die" by Benjamin Franklin is a woodcut showing a snake cut into eighths, with each segment labeled with the initials of one of the American colonies or regions.

• The Bill of Rights

  • The Bill of Rights refers to the first 10 amendments to the US Constitution, which outline the basic freedoms held by American citizens.
  • The Bill of Rights is the collective name for the first 10 amendments to the US Constitution.
  • The amendments have the purpose of protecting the natural rights of liberty and property.
  • One of the remaining two was adopted as the 27th Amendment and the other technically remains pending before the states.
  • Explain the purpose behind the establishment of the Bill of Rights

• Congress of the Confederation

  • The Congress of the Confederation was the governing body of the United States from 1781 to 1789.
  • The Congress of the Confederation was the governing body of the United States of America, in force from March 1, 1781, to March 4, 1789.
  • The Congress of the Confederation opened in the final stages of the American Revolution.
  • Combat in the Revolution ended in October 1781 with the surrender of the British at the Battle of Yorktown.
  • The membership of the Second Continental Congress automatically carried over to the Congress of the Confederation when the latter was created through the ratification of the Articles of Confederation.

• The Farmer's Alliance

  • One of the goals of the organization was to end the adverse effects of the crop-lien system on farmers in the period following the American Civil War.
  • The Farmers' Alliance moved into politics in the early 1890s under the banner of the People's Party, commonly known as the "Populists."
  • The political activism of the alliances gained strength in the late 1880s as the organization merged with the nearly 500,000-member Agricultural Wheel in 1888.
  • In 1892, the Farmers' Alliance founded the People's Party, and the Ocala Demands were incorporated in the party's Omaha Platform.
  • As the focus of the farmers' movement shifted into politics, the Farmers' Alliance faded away.