William of Orange

(noun)

William III & II (4 November 1650 – 8 March 1702) was a sovereign Prince of Orange of the House of Orange-Nassau by birth. From 1672 he governed as Stadtholder William III of Orange over Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Gelderland, and Overijssel of the Dutch Republic. From 1689 he reigned as William III over England and Ireland.

Related Terms

Examples of William of Orange in the following topics:

  • The Glorious Revolution

    • His daughter Mary, a Protestant and the wife of William of Orange, a Dutch stadtholder, or steward, was previously the heir to the throne.
    • Some of the most influential leaders of the Tories united with members of the opposition Whigs and set out to resolve the crisis by inviting William of Orange to England, which the stadtholder, who feared an Anglo-French alliance, had indicated as a condition for a military intervention.
    • In February 1689, William and his wife became joint monarchs as William III and Mary II of England .
    • Prince of Orange Landing at Torbay, engraving by William Miller after J M W Turner, 1852
    • William of Orange successfully invaded England with a Dutch fleet in the Glorious Revolution of 1688

  • The Concept of Civic Duty

    • In the aftermath of the Glorious Revolution, many British intellectuals reevaluated the identity of Britain as a nation and empire.
    • When James II attempted to impose taxes without parliamentary approval and converted to Catholicism, Parliament offered the crown to Mary and William of Orange, which affirmed the supremacy of Parliament and Protestantism over Monarchy and Catholicism, and was perceived as authoritarian.
    • For many British subjects, the aftermath of the Glorious Revolution ushered in a period of pride and reevaluation of national identity.
    • The highly intellectual Enlightenment was dominated by philosophers who opposed the absolute rule of the monarchs of their day and instead emphasized the equality of all individuals and the idea that governments derived their existence from the consent of the governed.
    • The widespread availability of property in the 13 colonies provided most white males with the opportunity to own some amount of property; therefore, while fewer than 1% of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible to vote and run for office.

  • The Glorious Revolution in America

    • The Glorious Revolution led to the dissolution of the Dominion of New England and the establishment of the Province of Massachusetts Bay.
    • With the birth of his son and potential successor James III in June 1688, some Whigs and Tories set aside their political differences and conspired to replace James with his Protestant son-in-law, William of Orange.
    • This was particularly problematic for Massachusetts because its long frontier with New France was exposed to French and Indian raids with the 1689 outbreak of King William's War.
    • The resulting Province of Massachusetts Bay, whose charter was issued in 1691 and began operating in 1692 under governor Sir William Phips, combined the territories of both colonies, along with the islands south of Cape Cod (Martha's Vineyard, Nantucket, and the Elizabeth Islands) that had been part of New York.
    • Darley, William L.

  • The Dominion of New England

    • With the birth of his son and potential successor James III in June 1688, factions of English conspired with the Dutch prince to replace James with his Protestant son-in-law, William of Orange.
    • The nearly bloodless "Glorious Revolution" followed in November and December of 1688 and established William and his wife Mary as co-rulers of England.
    • After the Glorious Revolution and the ascent of William and Mary, the Massachusetts agents then petitioned the new monarchs and the Lords of Trade (who oversaw colonial affairs) for restoration of the Massachusetts charter.
    • This was particularly problematic for Massachusetts because its long frontier with New France was exposed to French and American Indian raids with the 1689 outbreak of King William's War.
    • The resulting Province of Massachusetts Bay, whose charter was issued in 1691 and began operating in 1692 under governor Sir William Phips, combined the territories of both colonies, along with the islands south of Cape Cod (Martha's Vineyard, Nantucket, and the Elizabeth Islands) that had previously been part of New York.

  • The Election of 1840

    • In the wake of the Panic of 1837, William Henry Harrison won the Election of 1840 with his "log cabin campaign" appeal to ordinary people.
    • The opposing Whig Party was unified for the first time behind war hero William Henry Harrison, who utilized his "log cabin campaign" to recruit voters alienated by the national economic climate.
    • The three leading candidates were William Henry Harrison, a war hero and the most successful of Van Buren's opponents in the 1836 election; Winfield Scott, another general and a hero of the War of 1812 who was active in skirmishes with the British in 1837 and 1838; and Henry Clay, the Whigs' congressional leader and former Speaker of the House.
    • The convention came on the heels of a string of Whig electoral losses.
    • Presidential election results map: Orange denotes states won by Harrison/Tyler, Blue denotes those won by Van Buren and one of his three running mates.

  • City Government and the "Bosses"

    • Tammany's control over the politics of New York City heightened considerably under William M.
    • From this position of power, he was elected "Grand Sachem" of Tammany, and he used this position take functional control of the city government.
    • With his proteges elected governor of the state and mayor of the city, Tweed was able to expand the corruption and kickbacks of his appointed ring into practically every aspect of city and state governance.
    • All of this activity, of course, also brought great wealth to Tweed and his friends.
    • It was Tammany's demonstrated inability to control Irish laborers in the Orange Riot of 1871 that began Tweed's downfall.

  • Troubled Neighbors

    • In 1673 the Dutch, lead by Michiel de Ruyter, briefly reoccupied New Netherland, this time naming it New Orange.
    • In 1634, Maryland, a narrow strip of land north of Virginia and south of Pennsylvania, was settled as a Catholic colony via a royal charter.
    • In the southern part of the Eastern Seaboard, the territory of Carolina was granted as a proprietary colony to eight different nobles.
    • Charles II granted William Penn the territory now known as Pennsylvania, and Penn in turn granted refuge to Quakers, a group of Protestants who opposed the Church of England, in his new colony.
    • 1685 reprint of a 1650 map of New Netherland, which is not a completely correct representation of the situation at the time.

  • The 1956 Election and Eisenhower's Second Term

    • On Election Day, Eisenhower took over 57% of the popular vote and won 41 of the 48 states.
    • Stevenson won only six Southern states and the border state of Missouri, becoming the first losing candidate since 1900 (William Jennings Bryan vs.
    • As a result of Eisenhower's support for the Brown v.
    • Board of Education decision, he won the support of nearly 40% of black voters.
    • Orange is the electoral vote for Walter Burgwyn Jones by an Alabama faithless elector.

  • From Roosevelt to Taft

    • In 1908, Theodore Roosevelt persuaded the Republican Party to nominate William Howard Taft to run against Democratic candidate William Bryan.
    • The United States presidential election of 1908 was between Republican party candidate William Howard Taft and Democratic nominee William Jennings Bryan.
    • On their side, the Democrats, after badly losing the 1904 election with a conservative candidate, turned to two-time nominee William Jennings Bryan, who had been defeated in 1896 and 1900 by Republican William McKinley.
    • The most important increase in number of counties carried by Bryan was in the West South Central section - this was in part due to the vote of newly admitted Oklahoma.
    • Bryan won all of the southern states, Texas, Nebraska, Colorado, and Nevada, while Taft won the rest of the midwest, pacific, and all the northern states.

  • Rhode Island

    • Rhode Island was formed as an English colony by Roger Williams and others fleeing prosecution from Puritans.
    • Roger Williams questioned the Puritans’ taking of American Indian land and argued for a complete separation from the Church of England, a position other Puritans in Massachusetts rejected, as well as the idea that the state could not punish individuals for their beliefs.
    • Williams agreed with his fellow settlers on an egalitarian constitution providing for majority rule in civil issues and liberty of conscience.
    • In 1644, Roger Williams secured a land patent establishing the Incorporation of Providence Plantations in the Narragansett Bay.
    • Engraved print depicting Roger Williams, founder of Rhode Island, meeting with the Narragansett Indians.