Examples of Middle Kingdom in the following topics:
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- The Middle Kingdom was a golden age for ancient Egypt, where arts, religion and literature flourished.
- The Middle Kingdom (2134 - 1690 BCE) was a time of prosperity and stability, and resurgence of art, literature and architecture.
- In the Middle Kingdom period, due to growth of middle class and scribes, literature began to be written to entertain and provide intellectual stimulation.
- However, some Middle Kingdom literature may have been transcriptions of the oral literature and poetry of the Old Kingdom.
- Future generations of Egyptians often considered Middle Kingdom literature to be "classic," with the ultimate example being the Story of Sinuhe.
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- The Middle Kingdom was a period of Egyptian history spanning the Eleventh through Twelfth Dynasty (2000-1700 BCE), when centralized power consolidated a unified Egypt.
- However, the Middle Kingdom remained defensive in its military strategy, with fortifications built at the First Cataract of the Nile, in the Delta and across the Sinai Isthmus.
- This instituted a practice that would be used throughout the Middle and New Kingdoms.
- The reign of Amenemhat III was the height of Middle Kingdom economic prosperity, and is remarkable for the degree to which Egypt exploited its resources.
- Describe the various characteristics of Sensuret III's rule during the height of the Middle Kingdom
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- The Second Intermediate Period (c. 1782-1550 BCE) marks a time when Ancient Egypt once again fell into disarray between the end of the Middle Kingdom, and the start of the New Kingdom.
- The brilliant Egyptian Twelfth Dynasty—
and the Golden Age of the Middle Kingdom— came to an end around 1800 BCE with the death of Queen Sobekneferu (1806-1802 BCE), and was succeeded by the much weaker Thirteenth Dynasty (1803-1649 BCE).
- The royal necropolis of the Abydos Dynasty was found in the southern part of Abydos, in an area called Anubis Mountain in ancient times, adjacent to the tombs of the Middle Kingdom rulers.
- The Theban-based Seventeenth Dynasty restored numerous temples throughout Upper Egypt while maintaining peaceful trading relations with the Hyksos kingdom in the north.
- With the creation of the Eighteenth Dynasty around 1550 BCE, the New Kingdom period of Egyptian history began with Ahmose I, its first pharaoh, who completed the expulsion of the Hyksos from Egypt and placed the country, once again, under centralized administrative control.
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- These two kingdoms eventually came into military conflict.
- The Old Kingdom, which preceded this period, fell for numerous reasons.
- Intef II began the Theban assault on northern Egypt, and his successor, Intef III, completed the attack and moved into Middle Egypt against the Heracleopolitan kings.
- Mentuhotep II, also known as Nebhepetra, would eventually defeat the Heracleopolitan kings around 2033 BCE, and unify the country to continue the Eleventh Dynasty and bring Egypt into the Middle Kingdom.
- Describe the processes by which the First Intermediate Period occurred, and then transitioned into the Middle Kingdom
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- It was later united within the Ottoman Egypt in the 19th century, and the Kingdom of Egypt from 1899 to 1956.
- By the Sixth Dynasty, Nubia was fractured into a group of small kingdoms; the population (called "C-Group") may have been made up of Saharan nomads.
- During the Egyptian Middle Kingdom (c. 2040 - 1640 BCE), Egypt began expanding into Nubian territory to control trade routes, and built a series of forts along the Nile.
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- Mentuhotep II (21st century BCE founder of the Middle Kingdom) is recorded to have undertaken campaigns against Kush in the 29th and 31st years of his reign.
- The Nubian region had gone by other names in the Old Kingdom.
- With the disintegration of the New Kingdom around 1070 BCE, Kush became an independent kingdom centered at Napata in modern central Sudan.
- Religion, the arts, and architecture were restored to their glorious Old, Middle, and New Kingdom forms.
- It was during the 25th dynasty that the Nile valley saw the first widespread construction of pyramids (many in modern Sudan) since the Middle Kingdom.
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- Meanwhile, the High Priests of Amun at Thebes effectively ruled Middle and Upper Egypt in all but name.
- This kingdom quickly fragmented after Rudamun's death with the rise of local city-states.
- The Nubian kingdom to the south took full advantage of the division of the country.
- Rulers under this dynasty originated in the Nubian Kingdom of Kush.
- During this dynasty, the first widespread building of pyramids since the Middle Kingdom resumed.
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- By the European Middle Ages, over a dozen predominant ethnic identities had emerged on the island, typified by rule under a local chieftain.
- By the Middle Ages, large chiefdoms began to dominate considerable areas of the island.
- At about that time, the empire started to split, resulting in a southern kingdom (Menabe) and a northern kingdom (Boina).
- The Merina kingdom reached the peak of its power in the early 19th century.
- Identify some of the kingdoms that ruled on Madagascar before the arrival of Europeans.
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- The Holy Roman Empire was a multi-ethnic complex of territories in central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806.
- The largest territory of the empire after 962 was Eastern Francia, though it also came to include the Kingdom of Bohemia, the Kingdom of Burgundy, the Kingdom of Italy, and numerous other territories.
- Through strategic marriages and personal appointments, Otto installed members of his family in the kingdom's most important duchies.
- The victory against the pagan Magyars earned Otto a reputation as a savior of Christendom and secured his hold over the kingdom.
- By 961, Otto had conquered the Kingdom of Italy and extended his realm's borders to the north, east, and south.