accessory fruit
(noun)
a fruit not derived from the ovary but from another part of the flower
Examples of accessory fruit in the following topics:
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Development of Fruit and Fruit Types
- Fruits are generally associated with having a sweet taste; however, not all fruits are sweet.
- Fruits may be classified as simple, aggregate, multiple, or accessory, depending on their origin .
- Accessory fruits (sometimes called false fruits) are not derived from the ovary, but from another part of the female gametophyte, such as the receptacle (strawberry) or the hypanthium (apples and pears).
- Fruits can be dry or fleshy.
- Accessory fruits, like apples, are formed from a part of the plant other than the ovary.
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Angsiosperm Fruit
- In botany, a fertilized, fully-grown, and ripened ovary is a fruit.
- Many foods commonly-called vegetables are actually fruit.
- Mature fruit can be fleshy or dry.
- Rice, wheat, and nuts are examples of dry fruit.
- Wind carries the light dry fruit of trees and dandelions .
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Fruit and Seed Dispersal
- Some fruits can disperse seeds on their own, while others require assistance from wind, water, or animals.
- The fruit has a single purpose: seed dispersal.
- Similarly, willow and silver birches produce lightweight fruit that can float on water.
- Some animals, such as squirrels, bury seed-containing fruits for later use; if the squirrel does not find its stash of fruit, and if conditions are favorable, the seeds germinate.
- Summarize the ways in which fruits and seeds may be dispersed
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Digestive Systems
- There are also several accessory organs that secrete various enzymes into the GI tract.
- For humans, fruits and vegetables are important in maintaining a balanced diet.
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Vertebrate Digestive Systems
- Vertebrates may have a single stomach, several stomach chambers, or accessory organs that help to break down ingested food.
- Birds have evolved a variety of beak types that reflect the vast variety in their diet, ranging from seeds and insects to fruits and nuts.
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Auxins, Cytokinins, and Gibberellins
- Applying synthetic auxins to tomato plants in greenhouses promotes normal fruit development.
- Fruits such as seedless cucumbers can be induced to set fruit by treating unfertilized plant flowers with auxins.
- Other effects of GAs include gender expression, seedless fruit development, and the delay of senescence in leaves and fruit.
- Because GAs are produced by the seeds and because fruit development and stem elongation are under GA control, these varieties of grapes would normally produce small fruit in compact clusters.
- In grapes, application of gibberellic acid increases the size of fruit and loosens clustering.
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Digestive System: Small and Large Intestines
- The lower gastrointestinal tract includes the small and large intestines, rectum, anus, and accessory organs.
- Accessory organs are those that add secretions (enzymes) that catabolize food into nutrients.
- Accessory organs include salivary glands, the liver, the pancreas, and the gallbladder.
- Describe the parts of the digestive system from the small intestine through the accessory organs
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Evolution of Angiosperms
- Angiosperms, which evolved in the Cretaceous period, are a diverse group of plants which protect their seeds within an ovary called a fruit.
- Not all fruits develop from an ovary; such structures are "false fruits."
- Like flowers, fruit can vary tremendously in appearance, size, smell, and taste.
- Tomatoes, walnut shells and avocados are all examples of fruit.
- As with pollen and seeds, fruits also act as agents of dispersal.
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Basidiomycota: The Club Fungi
- The basidiomycota are mushroom-producing fungi with developing, club-shaped fruiting bodies called basidia on the gills under its cap.
- The fungi in the Phylum Basidiomycota are easily recognizable under a light microscope by their club-shaped fruiting bodies called basidia (singular, basidium), which are the swollen terminal cell of a hypha.
- Eventually, the secondary mycelium generates a basidiocarp, which is a fruiting body that protrudes from the ground; this is what we think of as a mushroom.
- The fruiting bodies of a basidiomycete form a ring in a meadow, commonly called "fairy ring."
- As it grows, the mycelium depletes the soil of nitrogen, causing the mycelia to grow away from the center, leading to the "fairy ring" of fruiting bodies where there is adequate soil nitrogen.
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Abscisic Acid, Ethylene, and Nontraditional Hormones
- Ethylene is associated with fruit ripening, flower wilting, and leaf fall.
- The best-known effect of the hormone, however, is the promotion of fruit ripening .
- Some people store unripe fruit, such as avocados, in a sealed paper bag to accelerate ripening; the gas released by the first fruit to mature will speed up the maturation of the remaining fruit.
- Commercial fruit growers control the timing of fruit ripening with application of the gas.
- Root growth and fruit dropping are inhibited by steroids.