degeneracy

Examples of degeneracy in the following topics:

• Crystal Field Theory

  • Crystal field theory states that d or f orbital degeneracy can be broken by the electric field produced by ligands, stabilizing the complex.
  • When the ligands approach the central metal ion, the degeneracy of electronic orbital states, usually d or f orbitals, are broken due to the static electric field produced by a surrounding charge distribution.
  • Discuss the relationships between ligand binding in a metal complex and the degeneracy of the d orbitals and between the geometry of a metal complex and the splitting of the d orbitals.

• Octahedral Complexes

  • In an octahedral complex, this degeneracy is lifted.
  • Discuss the degeneracy of the d orbitals in an octahedral metal complex.

• Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

  • Discuss the d-orbital degeneracy of square planar and tetrahedral metal complexes.

• Wave Equation for the Hydrogen Atom