Examples of phosphate in the following topics:
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- For this purpose, phosphate-containing minerals are converted to phosphoric acid.
- Inorganic phosphorus in the form of the phosphate PO43− is required for all known forms of life.
- As such, phosphate salts are used as fertilizers to aid plant growth.
- Calcium phosphate salts help to harden bones.
- DNA strands have a phosphate-deoxyribose backbone.
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- A multivalent nonmetal of the nitrogen group, phosphorus as a mineral is almost always present in its maximally oxidized state, as inorganic phosphate rocks.
- As evidence of the link between phosphorus and terrestrial life, elemental phosphorus was historically first isolated from human urine, and bone ash was an important early phosphate source.
- As phosphate, it is a component of DNA, RNA, ATP (adenosine triphosphate), and the phospholipids that form all cell membranes.
- Low phosphate levels are an important limit to growth in some aquatic systems, and the chief commercial use of phosphorus compounds for production of fertilizers is due to the need to replace the phosphorus that plants remove from the soil.
- Calcium phosphate (phosphate rock), mostly mined in Florida and North Africa, can be heated to 1,200-1,500 °C with sand, which is mostly SiO2, and coke (impure carbon) to produce vaporized P4.
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- Phosphorylation converts a hydroxyl group into a phosphate (PO4) or pyrophosphate (P2O7) ester, making it a much better leaving group (the pKas at pH near 7 are 7.2 and 6.6 respectively).
- The chief biological phosphorylation reagents are phosphate derivatives of adenosine (a ribose compound).
- Recently, an alternative reaction sequence, starting from pyruvic acid and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, has been identified (bottom equations in the following diagram).
- The new, DXP (1-deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate) path is widespread in microorganisms and chloroplast terpenes.
- The rearrangement to 2-methylerythritol-4-phosphate is an extraordinary transformation.
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- Lithium iron phosphate (LFP), lithium manganese oxide (LMO), and lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (LiNMC) batteries offer lower energy density but longer lives and inherent safety.
- The anode is generally one of three materials: a layered oxide (such as lithium cobalt oxide), a polyanion (such as lithium iron phosphate), or a spinel (such as lithium manganese oxide).
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- If the anion is a polyatomic ion, its suffix can vary, but is typically either -ate or -ite,as in the cases of sodium phosphate and calcium nitrite, depending on the identity of the ion.
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- Radon has a variety of sources, including uranium, and contains rocks like granite, shale, phosphate rock, and pitchblende.
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- All three protons can be successively lost to yield H2PO4−, then HPO42-, and finally PO43- the phosphate ion.
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- Carbonates, hydroxides, sulfates, phosphates, and heavy metal salts are often insoluble.
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- The phosphate moiety of the resulting phosphatidic acid is further esterified with ethanolamine, choline or serine in the phospholipid itself.