Examples of scientific evidence in the following topics:
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- Scientific evidence is evidence which serves to either support or counter a scientific theory or hypothesis.
- Such evidence is expected to be empirical and in accordance with scientific method.
- Standards for scientific evidence vary according to the field of inquiry, but the strength of scientific evidence is generally based on the results of statistical analysis and the strength of scientific controls.More broadly, scientific evidence can be any statistic or fact that has been proven to be true through rigorous scientific methods.
- Anecdotal evidence is evidence from anecdotes (stories).
- Statistics are a type of scientific evidence that can bolster arguments.
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- Supporting materials come in many different forms, from scientific evidence to personal experiences.
- For example, scientific evidence is absolutely necessary in settings such as an exam.
- Scientific evidence is used to prove that a set of facts or conditions is present in the world.
- Using non-scientific evidence comes with some dangers, however.
- Exam questions in most subjects test the taker's grasp of empirical evidence (scientific evidence).
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- If there is no evidence, it obviously cannot be used.
- The idea being supported: if you are trying to explain that your favorite ice cream is chocolate, then scientific evidence about the molecular composition of chocolate ice cream is not as effective as personal accounts .
- For logical appeals, all types can again be used, though the most effective support is scientific evidence, because it is empirical and true.
- The audience: different audiences respond differently to different types of supporting evidence.
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- Evidential appeals are formed by defining the evidence and then explaining how the evidence must logically prove that a certain conclusion must be true.
- Evidential appeals are also the basis for scientific research.
- A scientist must be able to show the connection between evidence and a conclusion in order for his/her work to be accepted.
- In persuasive speaking, the speaker must first explain the evidence in a way that is comprehensible to the audience, yet complete.
- Then the scientist must explain how that evidence logically leads to a consequence that supports his/her proposal.
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- In the age of fact-checking, it's especially important to make sure that you have done your homework and fully researched your topic and supporting evidence because chances are, your audience already has.
- Typically, you'll turn to scholarly sources such as academic journals, scientific research, or data.
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- Critical thinking clarifies goals, examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, accomplishes actions, and assesses conclusions.
- Critical thinking has many practical applications, such as formulating a workable solution to a complex personal problem, deliberating in a group setting about what course of action to take, or analyzing the assumptions and methods used in arriving at a scientific hypothesis.
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- Persuasive speakers have an ethical duty to consider opposing viewpoints and evidence before being sure that theirs are correct.
- You may be making the wrong conclusion based on the evidence or your evidence may be flawed, both of which can be shown by examining other views.
- Perhaps you and your opponent are using the same evidence but come to different conclusions .
- Furthermore, evidence must generally be accepted only after intense scrutiny.
- This is due to the fact that evidence comes from a process which may be flawed.
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- Just how well does your evidence actually back up your argument?
- That disconnect might occur when your evidence is not actually relevant to your argument.
- Make sure your evidence is directly related to the points you are trying to make.
- Likewise, your audience may have evidence of their own to contradict your line of reasoning; anticipate these contradictions and argue your point with evidence to counter their disagreements.
- Your evidence may only skim the surface.
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- To understand it in the opposite, to lack evidence is to lack the validity of a belief or idea.
- Accuracy: The evidence must be truthfully constructed and defined.
- The audience must be able to understand the evidence before it is used in an appeal.
- Relevant Context: The evidence must be defined within the context of the appeal.
- Secondly, the evidence must be defined only as comprehensively as necessary.
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- Organization and Evidence: In general, the evidence should be presented in topical order.
- It is important to consider the evidence carefully.
- The speaker proves the position by presenting compelling evidence to support the thesis.
- Ethics: As a speaker you have an ethical responsibility to provide reliable, valid evidence to the audience and be aware of and avoid your own bias in the selection of the evidence which you use.
- Explain how to present evidence to prove that a fact is true