natural abundance
(noun)
The abundance of a particular isotope naturally found on the planet.
Examples of natural abundance in the following topics:
-
Average Atomic Mass
- The average atomic mass of an element is the sum of the masses of its isotopes, each multiplied by its natural abundance.
- Average atomic mass = f1M1 + f2M2 + ... + fnMn where f is the fraction representing the natural abundance of the isotope and M is the mass number (weight) of the isotope.
- When data are available regarding the natural abundance of various isotopes of an element, it is simple to calculate the average atomic mass.
- Another example is to calculate the atomic mass of boron (B), which has two isotopes: B-10 with 19.9% natural abundance, and B-11 with 80.1% abundance.
- Calculate the average atomic mass of an element given its isotopes and their natural abundance
-
Isotopes
- The five peaks in this spectrum demonstrate clearly that natural bromine consists of a nearly 50:50 mixture of isotopes having atomic masses of 79 and 81 amu respectively.
- The center and right hand spectra show that chlorine is also composed of two isotopes, the more abundant having a mass of 35 amu, and the minor isotope a mass 37 amu.
- In the case of methylene chloride, the molecular ion consists of three peaks at m/z=84, 86 & 88 amu, and their diminishing intensities may be calculated from the natural abundances given above.
- Two other common elements having useful isotope signatures are carbon, 13C is 1.1% natural abundance, and sulfur, 33S and 34S are 0.76% and 4.22% natural abundance respectively.
-
Pacific Coast Culture
- The mild climate and abundant natural resources along the Pacific Coast of North America allowed a complex aboriginal culture to flourish.
- The mild climate and abundant natural resources, such as cedar and salmon, made possible the rise of a complex aboriginal culture.
- This is what is known as permaculture, or any system of sustainable agriculture that renews natural resources and enriches local ecosystems.
- Due to the abundance of natural resources and the affluence of most Northwest tribes, there was plenty of leisure time to create art.
- Examine how natural resources shaped the cultures of the Pacific Coast
-
Isotopes of Hydrogen
- Hydrogen has three naturally occurring isotopes: protium, deuterium and tritium.
- Hydrogen has three naturally occurring isotopes: 1H (protium), 2H (deuterium), and 3H (tritium).
- Other highly unstable nuclei (4H to 7H) have been synthesized in the laboratory, but do not occur in nature.
- 1H is the most common hydrogen isotope with an abundance of more than 99.98%.
- It has a natural abundance of ~156.25 ppm in the oceans, and accounts for approximately 0.0156% of all hydrogen found on earth.
-
The Nile River
- The predictable flooding and controlled irrigation of the fertile valley produced surplus crops and also fueled social development and culture by providing an abundance of rich natural resources.
- Egypt is rich in natural resources, such building and decorative stone, copper and lead ores, gold, and semiprecious stones, which are all found in the Nile River Valley.
- These natural resources allowed the ancient Egyptians to build monuments, sculpt statues, make tools, and fashion jewelry .
- High-quality building stones were abundant: the ancient Egyptians quarried limestone all along the Nile valley, granite from Aswan, and basalt and sandstone from the wadis (valleys) of the eastern desert.
-
Natural Resources, Infrastructure, and Technology of New Markets
- They occur naturally within environments that exist relatively undisturbed by mankind.
- Every man-made product is composed of natural resources at its fundamental level.
- There is much debate worldwide over natural resource allocations, partly due to increasing scarcity but also because the exportation of natural resources is the basis for many economies.
- A country's abundant natural resources will help determine what types of businesses can achieve the highest profitability there due to access to low-cost inputs.
- For example, a country with abundant arable land and government farming subsidies may support companies wanting to go into organic food production.
-
Elemental Boron
- As a result, it is a low-abundance element in both the solar system and the Earth's crust.
- Natural boron is composed of two stable isotopes: 11B is more abundant than 10B, which has a number of uses as a neutron-capturing agent.
- On Earth, boron is concentrated by the water-solubility of its more common naturally-occurring compounds, the borate minerals.
- Chemically uncombined boron, which is classified as a metalloid, is not found naturally on Earth.
- Boric acid is mildly antimicrobial, and a natural, boron-containing, organic antibiotic does exist.
-
Viral Genomes in Nature
- Viruses are the most abundant biological entity on earth, they outnumber all other lifeforms on earth combined.
- Viruses are by far the most abundant biological entities on earth and they outnumber all the others put together.
- Viruses are an important natural means of transferring genes between different species, which increases genetic diversity and drives evolution.
-
Properties of Hydrogen
- It is highly abundant and has unique and important chemical properties.
- Hydrogen is the most abundant chemical substance in the universe, especially in stars and gas giant planets.
- Hydrogen naturally exists as three isotopes, denoted 1H, 2H, and 3H. 1H occurs at 99.98 percent abundance and has the formal name protium. 2H is known as deuterium and contains one electron, one proton, and one neutron (mass number = 2).
-
Environmental Diversity of Microbes
- Microbes are ubiquitous on Earth and their diversity and abundance are determined by the biogeographical habitat they occupy.
- For instance, the assemblage of microbes that exists on the surface of seawater is thought to have undergone tremendous change with respect to composition, abundance, diversity, and virulence as a result of climate-driving sea surface warming.
- These samplings create a starting point to understand how the abundance and composition of microbial communities correlate with climatic perturbations, interact to effect ecosystem processes, and influence human health.
- Interfering with natural microbial biomass disrupts the balance of nature and the ecosystem and leads to loss of biodiversity.