Ottoman

Examples of Ottoman in the following topics:

• Decline of the Ottoman Empire

• European Influence on the Ottomans

• Ottoman Empire

  • Ottoman art and architecture were a vibrant synthesis of Turkish, Middle Eastern, and Mediterranean styles.
  • Despite variations, Ottoman architecture remained fairly uniform throughout the empire.
  • The intricate designs combined traditional Ottoman arabesque patterns with Chinese elements.
  • The Ottoman Turks were famed for the quality of their finely woven and intricately knotted silk carpets.
  • Summarize the characteristics of art and architecture from the Ottoman empire.

• The Fall of Constantinople

  • Osman's son, Orhan, captured the city of Bursa in 1324 and made it the new capital of the Ottoman state.
  • The Ottoman victory at Kosovo in 1389 effectively marked the end of Serbian power in the region, paving the way for Ottoman expansion into Europe.
  • It ended when Mehmed I emerged as the sultan and restored Ottoman power.
  • The Ottoman conquest of Constantinople also dealt a massive blow to Christendom, as the Islamic Ottoman armies thereafter were left unchecked to advance into Europe without an adversary to their rear.
  • Yet in 1453 they fell to the Ottoman Turks.

• Islamic Book Painting

  • Manuscript painting in the late medieval Islamic world reached its height in Persia, Syria, Iraq, and the Ottoman Empire.
  • Book painting in the late medieval Islamic world reached its height in Persia, Syria, Iraq, and the Ottoman Empire.
  • The tradition of the Persian miniature developed during this period, and strongly influenced the Ottoman miniature of Turkey and the Mughal miniature in India.
  • Mughal portraits, normally in profile, are very finely drawn in a realist style, while the best Ottoman ones are vigorously stylized.
  • These books contain numerous illustrations and exhibit a strong Safavid influence, perhaps inspired by books captured in the course of the Ottoman-Safavid wars of the 16th century.

• Islamic Textiles

  • The art of carpet weaving was particularly important in the Ottoman Empire.
  • The Ottoman state was founded by Turkish tribes in northwestern Anatolia in 1299 and became an empire in 1453 after the momentous conquest of Constantinople.
  • Within the Ottoman Empire, carpets were immensely valued both as decorative furnishings and for their practical value.
  • Hereke silk carpets, which were made in the coastal town of Hereke, were the most valued of the Ottoman carpets because of their fine weave.
  • The Ottoman Turks were famed for their quality of their finely woven and intricately knotted silk carpets.

• Islamic Architecture

  • Ottoman mosques and other architecture first emerged in the cities of Bursa and Edirne in the 14th and 15th centuries, developing from earlier Seljuk Turk architecture, with additional influences from Byzantine, Persian, and Islamic Mamluk traditions.
  • Byzantine styles as seen in the Hagia Sophia served as particularly important models for Ottoman mosques, such as the mosque constructed by Sinan.
  • Building reached its peak in the 16th century when Ottoman architects mastered the technique of building vast inner spaces surmounted by seemingly weightless yet incredibly massive domes, and achieved perfect harmony between inner and outer spaces, as well as articulated light and shadow.
  • The Blue Mosque represents the culmination of Ottoman construction with its numerous domes, slender minarets and overall harmony.

• Peter's Foreign Policy

  • The Baltic Sea was controlled by Sweden in the north, while the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea were controlled by the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Empire respectively in the south.
  • Peter's first military efforts were directed against the Ottoman Turks.
  • The Russo–Turkish War of 1686–1700 followed as part of the joint European effort to confront the Ottoman Empire (the larger European conflict was known as the Great Turkish War).
  • The conflict was ended by the 1711 Treaty of the Pruth, which stipulated to return Azov to the Ottomans and the Russian Azov fleet was destroyed.
  • The Russo-Ottoman War of 1710–11 ended by the 1711 Treaty of the Pruth, which stipulated to return Azov to the Ottomans.

• Catherine's Foreign Policy Goals

  • Catherine made Russia the dominant power in south-eastern Europe after her first Russo-Turkish War against the Ottoman Empire (1768–74), which saw some of the heaviest defeats in Ottoman history, including the 1770 Battles of Chesma and Kagul.
  • The treaty also removed restrictions on Russian naval or commercial traffic in the Azov Sea, granted to Russia the position of protector of Orthodox Christians in the Ottoman Empire, and made the Crimea a protectorate of Russia.
  • Catherine annexed the Crimea in 1783, nine years after the Crimean Khanate had gained nominal independence—which had been guaranteed by Russia—from the Ottoman Empire as a result of her first war against the Turks.
  • The Ottomans restarted hostilities in the second Russo-Turkish War (1787–92).
  • This war, catastrophic for the Ottomans, ended with the Treaty of Jassy (1792), which legitimized the Russian claim to the Crimea and granted the Yedisan region to Russia.

• Italian Trade Cities

  • Additionally, Byzantine scholars migrated to Italy during and following the Ottoman conquest of the Byzantines between the 12th and 15th centuries, and were important in sparking the new linguistic studies of the Renaissance, in newly created academies in Florence and Venice.
  • John Green discusses the strange and mutually beneficial relationship between a republic, the city-state of Venice, and an Empire, the Ottomans--and how studying history can help you to be a better boyfriend and/or girlfriend.
  • Together, the Ottoman Empire and Venice grew wealthy by facilitating trade: The Venetians had ships and nautical expertise; the Ottomans had access to many of the most valuable goods in the world, especially pepper and grain.
  • Working together across cultural and religious divides, they both become very rich, and the Ottomans became one of the most powerful political entities in the world.