Robert Morris

(noun)

The Confederation Congress made Robert Morris, a wealthy merchant, the nation's superintendent of finance in 1781. He proposed an import duty of five percent to finance the national budget and guarantee the payment of war debts. However, under the Articles of Confederation taxation required the agreement of every state in the Union, and Rhode Island, acting alone, rejected Morris' proposal

Related Terms

Examples of Robert Morris in the following topics:

  • Economic Impacts of the Revolution

    • Not until 1781, when Robert Morris was named U.S.
    • Morris used a French loan in 1782 to set up the private Bank of North America to finance the cost of the war.
    • Seeking greater efficiency, Morris reduced the civil list, saved money by using competitive bidding for contracts, tightened accounting procedures, and demanded the federal government's full share of money and supplies from the states.
    • In 1781, Robert Morris was named Superintendent of Finance of the United States, giving the national government a strong leader in financial matters.

  • Process Art

    • The Guggenheim Museum states that Robert Morris in 1968 had a groundbreaking exhibition and essay defining the movement, with the museum's website stating: "Process artists were involved in issues attendant to the body, random occurrences, improvisation, and the liberating qualities of nontraditional materials such as wax, felt, and latex.

  • Financial Strains

    • In 1781, Robert Morris was named Superintendent of Finance of the United States, providing the national government a strong leader in financial matters.
    • Morris used a French loan in 1782 to establish the private Bank of North America for financing the war.
    • Morris achieved efficiency by reducing the civil list, using competitive bidding for contracts, tightening accounting procedures, and demanding the federal government's full share of money and supplies from the states.

  • The Politics of Inflation

    • In 1781, when Robert Morris was named Superintendent of Finance of the United States, the national government gained its first strong leader in financial matters.
    • Morris used a French loan in 1782 to set up the private Bank of North America to finance the war.
    • Seeking greater efficiency, Morris reduced the civil list, saved money by using competitive bidding for contracts, tightened accounting procedures, and demanded the federal government's full share of money and supplies from the states.

  • Conceptual Art

    • In 1953, artist Robert Rauschenberg created Erased De Kooning Drawing, which was literally a drawing by Willem de Kooning which Rauschenberg erased.
    • In 1961, Robert Rauschenberg sent a telegram to the Galerie Iris Clert which said: 'This is a portrait of Iris Clert if I say so.' as his contribution to an exhibition of portraits.
    • Early concept artists like Henry Flynt, Robert Morris, and Ray Johnson influenced the later widely accepted movement of conceptual art.

  • New Media for Art

    • Early concept artists like Henry Flynt, Robert Morris, and Ray Johnson influenced the later widely accepted movement of conceptual art.

  • Attack on Fort Sumter

    • Under the cover of darkness on December 26, six days after South Carolina declared its secession, Major Robert Anderson received orders from the federal government to abandon the indefensible Fort Moultrie and relocate his command to Fort Sumter.
    • On January 9, 1861, as the Star of the West approached Charleston Harbor, batteries at Morris Island and Fort Moultrie opened fire, forcing it to withdraw.
    • Only Secretary of State Robert Toombs opposed out of concern for appearing the aggressor and alienating undecided parties.

  • Color Field Painting

    • Color Field painting initially referred to a particular type of abstract expressionism, exemplified especially in the work of Mark Rothko, Clyfford Still, Barnett Newman, Robert Motherwell, Adolph Gottlieb and several series of paintings by Joan Miró.
    • Artists like Morris Louis, Jules Olitski, Kenneth Noland, Friedel Dzubas, Frank Stella often used greatly reduced formats, simplified or regulated systems, basic references to nature to draw the focus of the painting to color, and the interactions of color, as the most important element.

  • Post-Painterly Abstraction

    • Examples of Post-Painterly Abstractionists include Hard-Edged Painters such as Ellsworth Kelly and Frank Stella who explored relationships between tightly-ruled shapes and edges, and Color-Field Painters such as Helen Frankenthaler and Morris Louis , who explored the tactile and optical aspects of large, open fields of pure color.
    • The 31 artists who participated in Clement Greenberg's LACMA exhibit included Walter Darby Bannard, Jack Bush, Gene Davis, Thomas Downing, Friedel Dzubas, Paul Feeley, Sam Francis, Helen Frankenthaler, Al Held, Ellsworth Kelly, Nicholas Krushenick, Alexander Liberman, Morris Louis, Arthur Fortescue McKay, Howard Mehring, Kenneth Noland, Jules Olitski, Ray Parker, David Simpson, Albert Stadler, Frank Stella, Mason Wells, Emerson Woelffer, and a number of other American and Canadian artists who were becoming well known in the 1960s.

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