sunk relief

Examples of sunk relief in the following topics:

• Akhenaton and the Amarna Period

  • The period saw the use of sunk relief, previously used for large external reliefs, extended to small carvings and used for most monumental reliefs.
  • Like previous works, faces on reliefs continued to be shown exclusively in profile.
  • In a relief of Akhenaten, he is shown with his primary wife, Nefertiti, and their children in an intimate setting.
  • A relief of a royal couple in the Armana style.
  • This relief illustrates an intimate portrait of Akhenaten and his family in the Amarna style of art.

• Painting of the Early Dynastic Period

  • All Egyptian reliefs were painted, and less prestigious works in tombs, temples and palaces were just painted on a flat surface.
  • The Egyptians used the distinctive technique of sunk relief, which is well suited to very bright sunlight.
  • The main figures in reliefs adhere to the same figure convention as in painting, with parted legs (where not seated) and head shown from the side, but the torso from the front, and a standard set of proportions making up the figure, using 18 "fists" to go from the ground to the hair-line on the forehead.

• Ancient Egyptian Art

  • Ancient Egyptians created both monumental and smaller sculptures, using the technique of sunk relief.
  • In this technique, the image is made by cutting the relief sculpture into a flat surface, set within a sunken area shaped around the image.
  • Large statues of deities (other than the pharaoh) were not common, although deities were often shown in paintings and reliefs.

• Sunk Costs

  • Sunk costs are retrospective costs that have already been incurred and cannot be recovered.
  • The idea of sunk costs is often employed when analyzing business decisions.
  • Once spent, such costs are sunk and should have no effect on future pricing decisions.
  • The sunk cost is distinct from economic loss.
  • The sunk cost may be used to refer to the original cost or the expected economic loss.

• Monumental Reliefs in Southeast Asia

  • Reliefs depicting figures that are at least life-size or bigger or are attached to monuments of some sort are termed monumental reliefs by art historians, thus distinguishing them from small metal or ivory reliefs, portable sculptures, and diptychs.
  • Most of ancient Southeast Asian relief sculpture was done in bas-relief, where the projecting images have shallow overall depth, although the kingdom of Champa in southern and central Vietnam excelled in haut-relief sculpture, which was marked by much greater depth and undercut areas.
  • The most famous example of Khmer bas-relief sculpture is undoubtedly at the 12th-century Hindu temple of Angkor Wat, which has 13,000 square meters of narrative bas-reliefs on the walls of its outer gallery.
  • The reliefs have a diverse range of themes.
  • Detail of carved relief from Borobudur, depicting a figure from the Buddhist pantheon.

• Coral Sea and Midway

  • On May 3-4, Japanese forces successfully invaded and occupied Tulagi, although several of their supporting warships were surprised and sunk or damaged by aircraft from the U.S. fleet carrier Yorktown.
  • With both sides having suffered heavy losses in aircraft and carriers damaged or sunk, the two fleets disengaged and retired from the battle area.
  • Although a tactical victory for the Japanese in terms of ships sunk, the battle would prove to be a strategic victory for the Allies for several reasons.
  • Four Japanese aircraft carriers-- Akagi, Kaga, Soryu and Hiryu, all part of the six carrier force to launch the attack on Pearl Harbor six months earlier-- were sunk for a cost of one American aircraft carrier and a destroyer.

• Relief Measures

  • These bills included many measures aimed at Roosevelt's primary goal, immediate relief.
  • They also included the continuation of Hoover's major relief program for the unemployed under a new name, the Federal Emergency Relief Administration.
  • Identify some of the relief measures instituted by the Roosevelt Administration

• Relief and Conservation Programs

  • Conservation projects included reforestation and flood control, coupling environmental goals with unemployment relief.
  • Any relief for the poor was the responsibility of state and local governments and private charities.
  • These public works programs provided relief by employing millions of under-and-unemployed Americans.
  • The Public Works projects provided relief for the unemployed while upgrading the nation's infrastructure.
  • Identify the methods used by the Roosevelt administration to provide relief during the Depression

• Ottonian Metalwork in the Early European Middle Ages

  • Surrounding the ivory plaque are panels with figures in repoussé gold relief.
  • The style of the metal reliefs differ significantly from the central plaque.
  • A progressive feature of the figures on the Bernward Doors is their style of relief.
  • The column is significant for the vitality of the figural relief, which is unusual for the time.
  • The relief complements the Bernward Doors.

• Conflict in the Atlantic

  • .— Winston ChurchillThe outcome of the battle was a strategic victory for the Allies—the German blockade failed—but at great cost: 3,500 merchant ships and 175 warships were sunk for the loss of 783 U-boats.
  • The focus on U-boat successes, the "aces" and their scores, the convoys attacked, and the ships sunk, serves to camouflage the Kriegsmarine's manifold failures.
  • In particular, this was because most of the ships sunk by U-boat were not in convoys, but sailing alone, or had become separated from convoys.
  • Victory was achieved at a huge cost: between 1939 and 1945, 3,500 Allied merchant ships (totalling 14.5 million gross tons) and 175 Allied warships were sunk and some 72,200 Allied naval and merchant seamen lost their lives.