Examples of supercoiling in the following topics:
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- Such a contortion is a supercoil.
- Extra helical twists are positive and lead to positive supercoiling, while subtractive twisting causes negative supercoiling.
- DNA of most organisms is negatively supercoiled.
- In eukaryotes, DNA supercoiling exists on many levels of both plectonemic and solenoidal supercoils, with the solenoidal supercoiling proving the most effective in compacting the DNA.
- These SMC proteins induce positive supercoils.
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- The DNA is twisted by what is known as supercoiling.
- Supercoiling means that DNA is either under-wound (less than one turn of the helix per 10 base pairs) or over-wound (more than 1 turn per 10 base pairs) from its normal relaxed state.
- Some proteins are known to be involved in the supercoiling; other proteins and enzymes such as DNA gyrase help in maintaining the supercoiled structure.
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- Proteins helping to maintain the supercoiled structure of the nucleic acid are known as nucleoid proteins or nucleoid-associated proteins, and are distinct from histones of eukaryotic nuclei.
- The genophore is compacted through a mechanism known as supercoiling, but a chromosome is additionally compacted through the use of chromatin.
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- Topoisomerase breaks and reforms DNA's phosphate backbone ahead of the replication fork, thereby relieving the pressure that results from this supercoiling.