tribunal

Examples of tribunal in the following topics:

• Courts

  • A court is a form of tribunal with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties, and carry out the administration of justice.
  • The Nuremberg Trials were a series of military tribunals, held by the victorious allied forces of World War II, most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political, military, and economic leadership of the defeated Nazi Germany.
  • A court is a form of tribunal, often a governmental institution, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties, and carry out the administration of justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law.
  • A tribunal, in the general sense, is any person or institution with the authority to judge, adjudicate on, or determine claims or disputes, whether or not it is called a tribunal in its title.
  • At the Nuremberg Tribunals, the main target of the prosecution was Hermann Göring (at the left edge on the first row of benches), considered to be the most important surviving official in the Third Reich after Hitler's death.

• The Nuremberg Trials

  • The Nuremberg Trials were military tribunals that tried Nazi political and military leadership for alleged crimes committed during the war.
  • Nuremberg Military Tribunals (NMT); among the second set of trials were the Doctors' Trial and the Judges' Trial.
  • France was also awarded a place on the tribunal.
  • Jackson played an important role not only in the trial itself, but also in the creation of the International Military Tribunal.
  • The International Military Tribunal was opened on November 19, 1945, in the Palace of Justice in Nuremberg.

• Roman Society Under the Republic

  • The new offices that were created as a result came to be known as “plebeian tribunes”, and they were to be assisted by “plebeian aediles”.
  • Tribunes and aediles were technically not magistrates since they were only elected by fellow plebeians as opposed to the unified population of plebeians and patricians.
  • Although plebeian tribunes regularly attempted to block legislation they considered unfavorable, patricians could still override their veto with the support of one or more other tribunes.
  • Tension over this imbalance of power led to the passage of Lex Trebonia, which forbade the co-opting of colleagues to fill vacant positions on tribunes in order to sway voting in favor of one or another bloc.
  • This gave the plebeian tribunes a positive political impact over the entire population for the first time in Roman history.

• Structure of the Republic

  • While it did not pass many laws, the comitia tributa did elect quaestors, curule aediles, and military tribunes.
  • They elected their own officers, plebeian tribunes, and plebeian aediles.
  • Usually a plebeian tribune would preside over the assembly.
  • Since the tribunes were considered to be the embodiment of the plebeians, they were sacrosanct.
  • As such, it was considered a capital offense to harm a tribune, to disregard his veto, or to interfere with his actions.

• The End of the War

  • During the occupation, leading Japanese war criminals were tried at the International Military Tribunal for the Far East (Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal).
  • The tribunal was convened on April 29, 1946, to try the leaders of the Empire of Japan for three types of crimes: "Class A" crimes were reserved for those who participated in a joint conspiracy to start and wage war, and were brought against those in the highest decision-making bodies; "Class B" crimes were reserved for those who committed "conventional" atrocities or crimes against humanity; and "Class C" crimes were reserved for those in "the planning, ordering, authorization, or failure to prevent such transgressions at higher levels in the command structure. "
  • The tribunal was adjourned on November 12, 1948.

• Fifth Declension

  • A Genitive ending -ī (for -ĕī) is found in plēbī (from plēbēs = plēbs) in the expressions tribūnus plēbī, tribune of the people, and plēbī scītum, decree of the people; sometimes also in other words.

• Crises of the Republic

  • In particular, they were concerned with the rise of individual generals who, backed by the tribunate, the assemblies, and their own soldiers, could shift power from the Senate and aristocracy.
  • Tiberius Gracchus took office as a tribune of the plebeians in late 134 BCE.
  • A political back-and-forth ensued in the Senate as the other tribune, Octavius, blocked Tiberius's initiatives, and the Senate denied funds needed for land reform.
  • Caesar also facilitated the election of patrician Publius Clodius Pulcher to the tribunate in 58 BCE, and Clodius sidelined Caesar’s senatorial opponents, Cato and Cicero.
  • Silvestre David Mirys' rendition of the the tribune Gaius Gracchus addressing the people of Rome.

• The Supreme Court

  • Supreme Court is the highest tribunal within the U.S. and most often hears cases concerning the Constitution or federal law.
  • Supreme Court is the highest tribunal within the U.S. and hears a limited number of cases per year associated with the Constitution or laws of the United States.

• Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft

  • The equilibrium in Gemeinschaft is achieved through morals, conformism, and exclusion (social control), while Gesellschaft keeps its equilibrium through police, laws, tribunals and prisons.

• The Election of 1948

  • The Chicago Daily Tribune, a pro-Republican newspaper, was so sure of Dewey's victory that on Tuesday afternoon, before any polls closed, it printed "DEWEY DEFEATS TRUMAN" as its headline for the following day.
  • Truman was so widely expected to lose the 1948 election that the Chicago Tribune ran this incorrect headline.