Examples of pilus in the following topics:
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- A pilus (Latin for "hair;" plural: pili) is a hairlike appendage found on the surface of many bacteria.
- The terms pilus and fimbria (Latin for "thread" or "fiber," plural: fimbriae) can be used interchangeably, although some researchers reserve the term pilus for the appendage required for bacterial conjugation.
- Perhaps the most well-studied is the F pilus of Escherichia coli, encoded by the F plasmid or fertility factor .
- A pilus is typically 6 to 7 nm in diameter.
- A fimbria is a short pilus that is used to attach the bacterium to a surface.
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- In order to get the disease cholera, the bacteria must be able to colonize in the small intestine and a critical factor necessary for this colonization is the toxin-co-regulated pilus(TCP). 0395 is a wild type strain, showing the normal bundling of toxin-co-regulated pilus(TCP).
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- Φ6 typically attaches to the Type IV pilus of P. syringae with its attachment protein, P3.
- It is thought that the cell then retracts its pilus, pulling the phage toward the bacterium.
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- Typically bacteria transfer plasmids through conjugation: a donor bacteria creates a tube called a pilus that penetrates the cell wall of the recipient bacteria and the plasmid DNA passes through the tube.
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- Unlike viruses, they are naked DNA and do not encode genes necessary to encase the genetic material for transfer to a new host, though some classes of plasmids encode the sex pilus necessary for their own transfer.