cortical

Examples of cortical in the following topics:

• Sensory Areas

  • A cortical homunculus is a physical representation of the human body, located within the brain.
  • A cortical homunculus is a neurological map of the anatomical divisions of the body.
  • Areas with lots of sensory innervation, such as the fingertips and the lips, require more cortical area to process finer sensation.
  • Cortical Homunculus: depiction of the human brain areas directly associated with the activity of a particular body part.

• Embryonic Development of the Brain

  • An example of tangential migration is the movement of Cajal-Retzius cells from the cortical hem to the superfitial part of cortical neuroepithelium.
  • Radial fibers (also known as radial glia) can translocate to the cortical plate and differentiate either into astrocytes or neurons.
  • An example of tangential migration is the movement of Cajal-Retzius cells from the cortical hem to the superfitial part of cortical neuroepithelium.
  • This is seen in multipolar cells, which are abundantly present in the cortical intermediate zone.

• Mapping the Primary Somatosensory Area

  • The cortical sensory homuculus is a representation of the body by the brain located on the postcentral gyrus.
  • A cortical homunculus is a pictorial representation of the anatomical divisions of the primary motor cortex and the primary somatosensory cortex, i.e., the portion of the human brain directly responsible for the movement and exchange of sensory and motor information of the body.
  • This technique also allowed him to create maps of the sensory and motor cortices of the brain showing their connections to the various limbs and organs of the body.
  • The idea of the cortical homunculus was created by Wilder Penfield and serves as a rough map of the receptive fields for regions of primary somatosensory cortex.

• Phantom Limb Sensation

  • Ramachandran argued that the perception of being touched on different parts of the phantom limb was the perceptual correlate of cortical reorganization in the brain.
  • However, research published in 1995 by Flor et al. demonstrated that pain (rather than referred sensations) was the perceptual correlate of cortical reorganization.
  • In 1996, Knecht et al. published an analysis of Ramanchandran's theory that concluded that there was no topographic relationship between referred sensations and cortical reorganization in the primary cortical areas.
  • Recent research by Flor et al. suggests that non-painful referred sensations are correlated with a wide neural network outside the primary cortical areas.

• Association Areas

  • Associated cortical regions involved in vision, touch sensation, and non-speech movement are also shown.

• General Organization of the Somatosensory System

  • A cortical homunculus is the brains physical representation of the human body; it is a neurological map of the anatomical divisions of the body.

• Cholinergic Neurons and Receptors

  • As a result, these layer-specific effects of ACh might function to improve the signal:noise ratio of cortical processing.
  • At the same time, acetylcholine acts through nicotinic receptors to excite certain groups of inhibitory interneurons in the cortex, which further dampen cortical activity.
  • Phasic increases of ACh during visual, auditory, and somatosensory stimulus presentations have been found to increase the firing rate of neurons in the corresponding primary sensory cortices.

• Classification of Neurons

  • Gross organization of the nervous system, with the peripheral nervous system, the spinal, and the cortical levels.

• Microscopic Anatomy of Bone

  • Lamellar bone makes up the compact or cortical bone in the skeleton, such as the long bones of the legs and arms.

• Organization of the Nervous System

  • Gross organization of the nervous system, with the peripheral nervous system, the spinal, and the cortical levels.