Examples of pulmonary valve in the following topics:
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- Valvular heart disease includes aortic and mitral valve disorders, and pulmonary and tricuspid valve disorders.
- Pulmonary and tricuspid valve diseases are right-side heart diseases.
- Pulmonary valve diseases are the least common heart valve disease in adults.
- The most common types of pulmonary valve diseases are: pulmonary valve insufficiency, pulmonary valve incompetence, and pulmonary valve regurgitation.
- Both tricuspid and pulmonary valve diseases are less common than aortic or mitral valve diseases due to the lower pressure those valves experience.
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- When the atrioventricular valves shut, the semilunar valves open, forcing blood into the aorta and pulmonary artery.
- The pulmonary valve (sometimes referred to as the pulmonic valve), which also has three cusps, separates the right ventricle from the pulmonary artery.
- Similar to the aortic valve, the pulmonary valve opens in ventricular systole, when the pressure in the right ventricle exceeds the pressure in the pulmonary artery.
- This anterior view of the heart indicates the semilunar valves, the aortic and pulmonary valves.
- Describe the operation of the semilunar valves, the aortic and pulmonary valves
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- The two major heart sounds are 'lub' (from the closure of AV-valves) and 'dub' (from the closure of aortic and pulmonary valves).
- It is caused by the closure of the semilunar (aortic and pulmonary) valves following ventricular systole.
- S2 is split because aortic valve closure occurs before pulmonary valve closure.
- During inspiration (breathing in) there is slightly increased blood return to the right side of the heart, which causes the pulmonary valve to stay open slightly longer than the aortic valve.
- Due to this, the naming convention is to divide the second sound into two second sounds, A2 (aortic), and P2 (pulmonary).
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- The aortic ring: encircles the aortic valve.
- The pulmonary ring: encircles the pulmonary valve.
- Similarly to the aortic ring, the pulmonary ring provides structural support for the pulmonary valve.
- The left fibrous ring: encircles the bicuspid valve.
- The right fibrous ring: encircles the tricuspid valve.
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- The pulmonary circulatory system is the portion of the cardiovascular system in which oxygen-depleted blood is pumped away from the heart to the lungs, via the pulmonary artery.
- Oxygenated blood is then returned to the heart via the pulmonary vein.
- From the right ventricle of the heart, blood is pumped through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the left and right pulmonary arteries (one for each lung) and travels through the lungs.
- The oxygenated blood then leaves the lungs through pulmonary veins, which return it to the left atrium of the heart, completing the pulmonary cycle.
- This blood is then pumped through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle.
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- The blood is then pumped through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle.
- From the right ventricle, blood is pumped through the pulmonary valve and into the pulmonary artery.
- Once entering the left heart, the blood flows through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle.
- From the left ventricle, the blood is pumped through the aortic valve into the aorta to travel through systemic circulation, delivering oxygenated blood to the body before returning again to the pulmonary circulation.
- The blood is then pumped through the mitral valve into the left ventricle.
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- The vena cava fills the right atrium with blood, which then ejects blood into the right ventricle by passing through the tricuspid valve.
- After blood fills in the right ventricle, it contracts and pumps the blood through the pulmonary valve, and into the pulmonary arteries.
- This blood then enters and fills inside the left atrium, which pumps it through the mitral valve (also called bicuspid) into the left ventricle.
- The blood fills inside the left ventricle and is then pumped through the aortic valve into the aorta, which marks the beginning of systemic circulation.
- Diagram of pulmonary circulation.
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- The venae cavae are not separated from the right atrium by valves.
- Blood is
pumped from the left ventricle through the aortic valve, into the aorta.
- When the left
ventricle contracts to force blood through the aortic valve into the
aorta, the aorta expands.
- Blood first passes through the pulmonary valve as it is ejected into the pulmonary arteries.
- The pulmonary arteries and veins are both considered to be part of pulmonary circulation.
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- The atria and ventricle on each side of the heart are linked together by valves that prevent backflow of blood.
- The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary vein and pumps it into the aorta, while the right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the vena cava and pumps it into the pulmonary vein.
- The pulmonary vein and aorta also have valves connecting them to their respective ventricle.
- It also merges with the inner lining of blood vessels and covers heart valves.
- The position of valves ensures proper directional flow of blood through the cardiac interior.
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- For example, arteries are more muscular than veins, veins are often closer to the skin, and veins contain valves to help keep blood flowing toward the heart, while arteries do not have valves and carry blood away from the heart.
- In pulmonary circulation the pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium, which empties into the left ventricle, completing the cycle of blood circulation.
- Veins contain a series of one-way valves, and as the vein is squeezed, it pushes blood through the valves, which then close to prevent backflow.
- Pulmonary veins - The pulmonary veins are a set of veins that deliver oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
- Venous valves prevent back flow and ensure that blood flows in one direction.