Section 4
Acid-Base Balance
Book
Version 29
By Boundless
By Boundless
Boundless Anatomy and Physiology
Physiology
by Boundless
4 concepts
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pH, Buffers, Acids, and Bases
Acids dissociate into H+ and lower pH, while bases dissociate into OH- and raise pH; buffers can absorb these excess ions to maintain pH.
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Chemical Buffer Systems
Chemical buffers such as bicarbonate and ammonia help keep blood pH in the narrow range compatible with life.
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Regulation of H+ by the Lungs
Acid-base imbalances in blood pH can be altered by changes in breathing to expel more CO2, which will raise pH back to normal.
The Role of the Kidneys in Acid-Base Balance
The kidneys help maintain acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions into the urine and reabsorbing bicarbonate from the urine.