appropriations

Examples of appropriations in the following topics:

• Authorization and Appropriation

  • The separation of authorization and appropriation functions are enforced through House and Senate rules that divide committee jurisdiction between authorization and appropriations bills .
  • Points of order also prohibit certain provisions in appropriations measures.
  • For instance, the House and Senate prohibit language in appropriations bills that provides appropriations not authorized by law, also known as unauthorized appropriations.
  • In reality, the separation between authorization and appropriation measures is imperfect.
  • Other authorized programs receive no appropriated funds at all.

• Budget Resolutions

  • The budget resolution serves as a blueprint for the actual appropriations process and provides Congress with some control over the process.
  • Even though the budget resolution covers at least five fiscal years, the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations receive allocations only for the upcoming fiscal year because appropriations measures are annual.
  • After the appropriations committees receive their spending ceilings, they are responsible for dividing the amount among their respective subcommittees.
  • Instead, the budget resolution serves as a blueprint for the actual appropriations process and provides Congress with some control over this process.
  • The Congressional Budget Act also prohibits House and Senate floor consideration of appropriations measures for the upcoming fiscal year before the budget resolution is completed.

• The Cost of Maintaining the Government

  • Budget resolutions specify funding levels for appropriations committees and subcommittees.
  • Once appropriations committees pass their bills, the House and Senate consider them.
  • In recent years, Congress has not passed all of the appropriations bills before the start of the fiscal year.
  • The budget resolution serves as a blueprint for the actual appropriation process and provides Congress with some control over the appropriations process.
  • Authorizations for many programs have long lapsed, yet still receive appropriated amounts.

• The Budgeting Process

  • Budget committees set spending limits for the House and Senate committees and for Appropriations subcommittees, which then approve individual appropriations bills to allocate funding to various federal programs.
  • Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid expenditures are funded by more permanent Congressional appropriations and so are considered mandatory spending.
  • Some programs, such as Food Stamps, are appropriated entitlements.
  • Much of the costs for the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have not been funded through regular appropriations bills, but through emergency supplemental appropriations bills.
  • Some budget experts argue that emergency supplemental appropriations bills do not receive the same level of legislative care as regular appropriations bills.

• The 19th Amendment

  • The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

• State Initiatives Against Affirmative Action

  • States and the federal government have argued about the appropriate implementation of affirmative action policies.

• Investigation

  • These include authorization, appropriations, investigative, and legislative hearings by standing committees; specialized investigations by select committees; and reviews and studies by congressional support agencies and staff.
  • It is implied in the legislature's authority, among other powers and duties, that it can appropriate funds, enact laws, raise and support armies, provide for a Navy, declare war, and impeach and remove from office the president, vice president, and other civil officers.
  • The legislature is authorized to appropriate funds; raise and support armies; provide for and maintain a navy; declare war; provide for organizing and calling forth the national guard; regulate interstate and foreign commerce; establish post offices and post roads; advise and consent on treaties and presidential nominations (Senate); and impeach (House) and try (Senate) the President, Vice President, and civil officers for treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors.
  • The legislature is authorized to appropriate funds; raise and support armies; provide for and maintain a navy; declare war; provide for organizing and calling forth the national guard; regulate interstate and foreign commerce; establish post offices and post roads; advise and consent on treaties and presidential nominations (Senate); and impeach (House) and try (Senate) the President, Vice President, and civil officers for treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors.

• The 26th Amendment

  • The Congress shall have the power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

• The 13th Amendment

  • Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

• The Oversight Function

  • These include authorization, appropriations, investigative, and legislative hearings by standing committees; specialized investigations by select committees; and reviews and studies by congressional support agencies and staff.
  • It is implied in the legislature's authority, among other powers and duties, to appropriate funds, enact laws, raise and support armies, provide for a Navy, declare war, and impeach and remove from office the President, Vice President, and other civil officers.