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Flight from Mecca to Medina
![The Hijra and other early Muslim migrations](../../../../../../../../../figures.boundless-cdn.com/25159/full/316px-hejaz622.jpg)
The Hijra and other early Muslim migrations
The Hijra is the migration or journey of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Yathrib, which he later renamed Medina, in 622 CE.
The map shows notable ruin sites, pagan cities, cities with a major Jewish presence, and cities with a major Christian presence. The ruin sites are Dedan and Medain Saleh, which are both located in modern-day northwest Saudia Arabia. The pagan cities are—from north to south along the Red Sea—Qudayd, Jeddah, Mecca, Nakhla, Taif, Dhul-Khalash, and San'a. The northernmost pagan city, Qudayd, is located in modern-day west-central Saudi Arabia. The southernmost pagan city, San'a, is located in modern-day west-central Yemen. The cities with a major Jewish presence are—from north to south—Khaybar, Wadi Al-Qura, and Medina, all of which are located in modern-day mid to northwest Saudia Arabia between the ruins and Qudayd. Four of the cities with a major Christian presence, Petra, Tabuk, Dumatul Jandal, and Jabal Tayy, are located north of the ruins. Petra, the northernmost of those cities, is located in modern-day southwest Jordan, while Jabal Tayy, the southernmost of those cities, is located northeast of the ruins. Najran, the other city with a major Christian presence, is located in modern-day southwestern Saudi Arabia near the border with Yemen. In addition to those ruins and cities, the map shows two Muslim migrations: a migration of Muslims from Mecca to Axum, located in modern-day northern Ethiopia, in 613 and 615 AD, and a migration of Muslims from Mecca to Medina in 622 AD led by Mohammed. Finally, the map shows the Byzantine Empire to the northwest and an area of land between Petra and Tabuk controlled by the Ghassanids, a group of Arab Byzantine allies.
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