National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center, a program of the National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences

Autosomal recessive protein C deficiency



Other Names:
Autosomal recessive thrombophilia due to congenital protein C deficiency; Autosomal recessive thrombophilia due to PC deficiency; Severe hereditary thrombophilia due to congenital protein C deficiency; Autosomal recessive thrombophilia due to congenital protein C deficiency; Autosomal recessive thrombophilia due to PC deficiency; Severe hereditary thrombophilia due to congenital protein C deficiency; Hereditary thrombophilia due to congenital protein C deficiency; Hereditary thrombophilia due to PC deficiency; Autosomal recessive hereditary thrombophilia due to protein C deficiency; Thrombophilia due to protein C deficiency, autosomal recessive See More
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Autosomal recessive protein C deficiency is an inherited blood clotting disorder characterized by serious protein C deficiency. The disease may be very severe and associated with neonatal purpura fulminans (NPF) or intracranial thromboembolism. It may also be a milder disorder where patients present with clotting (venous thromboembolism) in childhood, adolescence, or adulthood.[1]  It is caused by having changes in the PROC gene.[2][1] The inheritance pattern is autosomal recessive. Treatment depends on the severity of the disease and may involve blood thinners, clot-dissolving medicines, or blood transfusions of fresh frozen plasma or highly purified protein C concentrate. In some cases, live donor liver transplantation which cures the disease.[1][3]
Last updated: 6/7/2016

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

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Medical Terms Other Names
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HPO ID
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Purpura
Red or purple spots on the skin
0000979
Thin skin 0000963
Venous thrombosis
Blood clot in vein
0004936
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Abnormality of skin pigmentation
Abnormal pigmentation
Abnormal skin color
Abnormal skin pigmentation
Abnormality of pigmentation
Pigmentary changes
Pigmentary skin changes
Pigmentation anomaly
[ more ]
0001000
Abnormality of the cerebral vasculature
Abnormality of the cerebral blood vessels
0100659
Gangrene
Death of body tissue due to lack of blood flow or infection
0100758
Pulmonary embolism
Blood clot in artery of lung
0002204
Venous insufficiency
Poorly functioning veins
0005293
Warfarin-induced skin necrosis 0001038
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Autosomal recessive inheritance 0000007
Cerebral palsy 0100021
Deep venous thrombosis
Blood clot in a deep vein
0002625
Global developmental delay 0001263
Hypercoagulability 0100724
Reduced protein C activity 0005543
Seizure 0001250
Superficial thrombophlebitis 0002638
Variable expressivity 0003828
Vitreous hemorrhage 0007902
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Last updated: 7/1/2020

If you need medical advice, you can look for doctors or other healthcare professionals who have experience with this disease. You may find these specialists through advocacy organizations, clinical trials, or articles published in medical journals. You may also want to contact a university or tertiary medical center in your area, because these centers tend to see more complex cases and have the latest technology and treatments.

If you can’t find a specialist in your local area, try contacting national or international specialists. They may be able to refer you to someone they know through conferences or research efforts. Some specialists may be willing to consult with you or your local doctors over the phone or by email if you can't travel to them for care.

You can find more tips in our guide, How to Find a Disease Specialist. We also encourage you to explore the rest of this page to find resources that can help you find specialists.

Healthcare Resources


Related diseases are conditions that have similar signs and symptoms. A health care provider may consider these conditions in the table below when making a diagnosis. Please note that the table may not include all the possible conditions related to this disease.

Conditions with similar signs and symptoms from Orphanet
Differential diagnoses include other inherited thrombophilias including antithrombin and protein S deficiencies (see these terms).
Visit the Orphanet disease page for more information.

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

In-Depth Information

  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.

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  1. Cuker A, Pollak ES. Protein C Deficiency. Medscape Reference. January 21, 2016; http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/205470-overview#showall.
  2. Protein C deficiency. Genetics Home Reference. May, 2013; http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/protein-c-deficiency.
  3. Bauer KA. Protein C deficiency. UpToDate. May 11, 2016; http://www.uptodate.com/contents/protein-c-deficiency.