National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center, a program of the National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences

Iridogoniodysgenesis type 1



Other Names:
Iridogoniodysgenesis anomaly, Autosomal dominant; IRID1; IGDA; Iridogoniodysgenesis anomaly, Autosomal dominant; IRID1; IGDA; IGDA syndrome See More
Categories:

Iridogoniodysgenesis type 1 is a rare condition that affects the eyes. People with this condition are born with malformations of the iris (the colored part of the eye) and cornea, which eventually lead to early-onset glaucoma. The irides of affected people are unusually dark. For example, studies of the condition often describe 'brown' irides as a dark, chocolate color and 'blue' irides as a very dark, slate gray. The iris also lacks the usual pattern and has a smooth appearance. Iridogoniodysgenesis type 1 is caused by changes (mutations) in the FOXC1 gene and is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.[1][2] Management is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person and is generally focused on the screening and eventual treatment of glaucoma.[1]
Last updated: 3/22/2016

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

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Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Cerebellar vermis hypoplasia 0001320
Enlarged cisterna magna 0002280
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Abnormal iris vasculature
Abnormality of iris blood vessels
0007905
Autosomal dominant inheritance 0000006
Axenfeld anomaly 0001492
Ectopia pupillae
Displaced pupil
0009918
Glaucoma 0000501
Hypoplastic iris stroma 0007990
Peters anomaly 0000659
Posterior embryotoxon 0000627
Rieger anomaly 0000558
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Last updated: 7/1/2020

Making a diagnosis for a genetic or rare disease can often be challenging. Healthcare professionals typically look at a person’s medical history, symptoms, physical exam, and laboratory test results in order to make a diagnosis. The following resources provide information relating to diagnosis and testing for this condition. If you have questions about getting a diagnosis, you should contact a healthcare professional.

Testing Resources

  • The Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) provides information about the genetic tests for this condition. The intended audience for the GTR is health care providers and researchers. Patients and consumers with specific questions about a genetic test should contact a health care provider or a genetics professional.

If you need medical advice, you can look for doctors or other healthcare professionals who have experience with this disease. You may find these specialists through advocacy organizations, clinical trials, or articles published in medical journals. You may also want to contact a university or tertiary medical center in your area, because these centers tend to see more complex cases and have the latest technology and treatments.

If you can’t find a specialist in your local area, try contacting national or international specialists. They may be able to refer you to someone they know through conferences or research efforts. Some specialists may be willing to consult with you or your local doctors over the phone or by email if you can't travel to them for care.

You can find more tips in our guide, How to Find a Disease Specialist. We also encourage you to explore the rest of this page to find resources that can help you find specialists.

Healthcare Resources


Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.

Organizations Supporting this Disease


These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

In-Depth Information

  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Iridogoniodysgenesis type 1. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.

Questions sent to GARD may be posted here if the information could be helpful to others. We remove all identifying information when posting a question to protect your privacy. If you do not want your question posted, please let us know.


  1. Iridogoniodysgenesis, Type 1. University of Arizona College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science. http://disorders.eyes.arizona.edu/disorders/iridogoniodysgenesis-type-1. Accessed 3/22/2016.
  2. IRIDOGONIODYSGENESIS, TYPE 1. OMIM. March 2011; http://www.omim.org/entry/601631.