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Lenz Majewski hyperostotic dwarfism



Other Names:
Lenz-Majewski syndrome; Lenz-Majewski hyperostotic dysplasia; Multiple congenital anomalies, mental retardation and progressive skeletal sclerosis; Lenz-Majewski syndrome; Lenz-Majewski hyperostotic dysplasia; Multiple congenital anomalies, mental retardation and progressive skeletal sclerosis; Hyperostotic dwarfism Lenz-Majewski type See More
Categories:

The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 2658

Definition
An extremely rare syndrome associating dwarfism, characteristic facial appearance, cutis laxa and progressive bone sclerosis.

Epidemiology
Nine cases have been reported in the literature.

Clinical description
Marked hypertelorism and broad forehead are noted in all patients as well as large ears. Loose and wrinkled atrophic skin with prominent veins is also apparent, giving the patient a progeroid appearance. Increasing generalized osteosclerosis of tubular bones, vertebrae and cranial bones is a characteristic feature. Cutaneous syndactyly of 2nd to 5th fingers was observed in all patients, as well as brachydactyly (see this term) and proximal symphalangism (see this term). All patients have moderate to severe intellectual deficit.

Genetic counseling
The elevated age of some patient's fathers of the reported families is suggestive of an autosomal dominant de novo mutation.

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.
Last updated: 3/1/2010

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

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Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Abnormal cortical bone morphology 0003103
Abnormality of dental enamel
Abnormal tooth enamel
Enamel abnormalities
Enamel abnormality
[ more ]
0000682
Abnormality of the metaphysis
Abnormality of the wide portion of a long bone
0000944
Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the skin
Absent/small skin
Absent/underdeveloped skin
[ more ]
0008065
Aplastic clavicle
Absent collarbone
0006660
Brachydactyly
Short fingers or toes
0001156
Broad forehead
Increased width of the forehead
Wide forehead
[ more ]
0000337
Choanal atresia
Blockage of the rear opening of the nasal cavity
Obstruction of the rear opening of the nasal cavity
[ more ]
0000453
Delayed cranial suture closure 0000270
Delayed skeletal maturation
Delayed bone maturation
Delayed skeletal development
[ more ]
0002750
Facial hyperostosis
Enlargment of the facial bones
Excessive growth of facial bones
Excessive growth of facial skeleton
Increase in size of the facial bones
Overgrowth of facial bones
Overgrowth of facial skeleton
Overgrowth of the facial bones
[ more ]
0005465
Finger syndactyly 0006101
Global developmental delay 0001263
Hypertelorism
Wide-set eyes
Widely spaced eyes
[ more ]
0000316
Intellectual disability
Mental deficiency
Mental retardation
Mental retardation, nonspecific
Mental-retardation
[ more ]
0001249
Joint hyperflexibility
Joints move beyond expected range of motion
0005692
Large fontanelles
Wide fontanelles
0000239
Macrocephaly
Increased size of skull
Large head
Large head circumference
[ more ]
0000256
Macrotia
Large ears
0000400
Mandibular prognathia
Big lower jaw
Increased projection of lower jaw
Increased size of lower jaw
Large lower jaw
Prominent chin
Prominent lower jaw
[ more ]
0000303
Osteopetrosis
Harder, denser, fracture-prone bones
0011002
Prematurely aged appearance
Precociously senile appearance
0007495
Redundant skin
Loose redundant skin
Redundant skin folds
Sagging, redundant skin
[ more ]
0001582
Severe short stature
Dwarfism
Proportionate dwarfism
Short stature, severe
[ more ]
0003510
Short palm 0004279
Specific learning disability 0001328
Symphalangism affecting the phalanges of the hand
Fused finger bones of the hand
0009773
Thickened calvaria
Increased thickness of skull cap
Thickened skull cap
[ more ]
0002684
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Abnormal nasolacrimal system morphology 0000614
Abnormality of the metacarpal bones
Abnormality of the long bone of hand
0001163
Cryptorchidism
Undescended testes
Undescended testis
[ more ]
0000028
Elbow ankylosis 0003070
Epispadias 0000039
Facial palsy
Bell's palsy
0010628
Femoral hernia 0100541
Hypospadias 0000047
Inguinal hernia 0000023
Thick vermilion border
Full lips
Increased volume of lip
Plump lips
Prominent lips
Thick lips
[ more ]
0012471
Wide mouth
Broad mouth
Large mouth
[ more ]
0000154
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Absent septum pellucidum 0001331
Agenesis of corpus callosum 0001274
Bifid uvula 0000193
External genital hypoplasia
Underdevelopment of external reproductive organs
0003241
High, narrow palate
Narrow, high-arched roof of mouth
Narrow, highly arched roof of mouth
[ more ]
0002705
Hydrocephalus
Too much cerebrospinal fluid in the brain
0000238
Hyperconvex fingernails 0001812
Hypogonadism
Decreased activity of gonads
0000135
Hypoplastic fingernail
Small fingernail
Underdeveloped fingernail
[ more ]
0001804
Kyphosis
Hunched back
Round back
[ more ]
0002808
Microcephaly
Abnormally small skull
Decreased circumference of cranium
Decreased size of skull
Reduced head circumference
Small head circumference
[ more ]
0000252
Muscular hypotonia
Low or weak muscle tone
0001252
Scoliosis 0002650
Submucous cleft hard palate 0000176
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Abnormality of the dentition
Abnormal dentition
Abnormal teeth
Dental abnormality
[ more ]
0000164
Anteriorly placed anus 0001545
Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the middle phalanges of the hand
Absent/small middle finger bone of the hand
Absent/underdeveloped middle finger bone of the hand
[ more ]
0009843
Autosomal dominant inheritance 0000006
Broad clavicles
Broad collarbone
0000916
Broad ribs
Wide ribs
0000885
Choanal stenosis
Narrowing of the rear opening of the nasal cavity
0000452
Chordee 0000041
Cutis laxa
Loose and inelastic skin
0000973
Cutis marmorata 0000965
Diaphyseal thickening
Thickening of shaft or central part of long bones
0005019
Elbow flexion contracture
Contractures of elbows
Elbow contracture
Elbow contractures
[ more ]
0002987
Failure to thrive
Faltering weight
Weight faltering
[ more ]
0001508
Flared metaphysis
Flared wide portion of long bone
0003015
Frontal bossing 0002007
Generalized hypotonia
Decreased muscle tone
Low muscle tone
[ more ]
0001290
Humeroradial synostosis
Fusion of upper and lower arm bones
0003041
Hyperextensibility of the finger joints
Finger joint hyperextensibility
Hyperextensible digits
Hyperextensible finger
[ more ]
0001187
Intellectual disability, moderate
IQ between 34 and 49
0002342
Intrauterine growth retardation
Prenatal growth deficiency
Prenatal growth retardation
[ more ]
0001511
Knee flexion contracture 0006380
Lacrimal duct stenosis
Narrowing of the tear duct
0007678
Microglossia
Abnormally small tongue
Underdevelopment of the tongue
[ more ]
0000171
Micrognathia
Little lower jaw
Small jaw
Small lower jaw
[ more ]
0000347
Progressive sclerosis of skull base 0005477
Prominent forehead
Pronounced forehead
Protruding forehead
[ more ]
0011220
Prominent scalp veins 0001043
Proximal symphalangism of hands
Fused innermost hinge joints
0006152
Relative macrocephaly
Relatively large head
0004482
Sensorineural hearing impairment 0000407
Short stature
Decreased body height
Small stature
[ more ]
0004322
Sparse hair 0008070
Sporadic
No previous family history
0003745
Syndactyly
Webbed fingers or toes
0001159
Thin skin 0000963
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Last updated: 7/1/2020

The resources below provide information about treatment options for this condition. If you have questions about which treatment is right for you, talk to your healthcare professional.

Management Guidelines

  • Project OrphanAnesthesia is a project whose aim is to create peer-reviewed, readily accessible guidelines for patients with rare diseases and for the anesthesiologists caring for them. The project is a collaborative effort of the German Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Orphanet, the European Society of Pediatric Anesthesia, anesthetists and rare disease experts with the aim to contribute to patient safety.

If you need medical advice, you can look for doctors or other healthcare professionals who have experience with this disease. You may find these specialists through advocacy organizations, clinical trials, or articles published in medical journals. You may also want to contact a university or tertiary medical center in your area, because these centers tend to see more complex cases and have the latest technology and treatments.

If you can’t find a specialist in your local area, try contacting national or international specialists. They may be able to refer you to someone they know through conferences or research efforts. Some specialists may be willing to consult with you or your local doctors over the phone or by email if you can't travel to them for care.

You can find more tips in our guide, How to Find a Disease Specialist. We also encourage you to explore the rest of this page to find resources that can help you find specialists.

Healthcare Resources


These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

In-Depth Information

  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Lenz Majewski hyperostotic dwarfism. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.

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