National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center, a program of the National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences

Zlotogora syndrome


Other Names:
Cleft lip/palate-ectodermal dysplasia syndrome; Ectodermal dysplasia, cleft lip and palate, mental retardation, and syndactyly; Zlotogora-Ogur syndrome; Cleft lip/palate-ectodermal dysplasia syndrome; Ectodermal dysplasia, cleft lip and palate, mental retardation, and syndactyly; Zlotogora-Ogur syndrome; CLPED1; Cleft lip/palate-syndactyly-pili torti; Syndactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-cleft/lip palate; Zlotogora-Zilberman-Tenenbaum syndrome; Cleft lip/palate-syndactyly-pili torti syndrome See More
Categories:
The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 3253

Definition
Zlotogora-Ogur syndrome is an ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by hair, skin and teeth anomalies, facial dysmophism with cleft lip and palate, cutaneous syndactyly and, in some cases, intellectual disability.

Epidemiology
The prevalence is unknown but to date, less than 50 cases have been described in the literature. The disorder is frequent on Margarita Island due to a founder effect.

Clinical description
Zlotogora-Ogur syndrome is a congenital disorder characterized by sparse and twisted hair (pili torti) and absent or sparse eyebrows, hypohidrosis, dry skin, palmoplantar keratoderma, abnormal teeth (delayed eruption, microdontia/hypodontia, and anodontia in adults), facial dysmophism (protruding and malformed ears, micrognathia, bilateral cleft lip and palate), cutaneous syndactyly (fingers and toes) and transverse crease on the palms. Onychodystrophy may be present. Additional features including intellectual disability, deafness, hypoplastic lacrimal puncta, nipple anomalies, genitourinary abnormalities (hypoplastic scrotum and presence of the testes in the inguinal canal), and lumbar lordosis may be observed. Zlotogora-Ogur syndrome and Margarita Island ectodermal dysplasia are the same entity.

Etiology
Zlotogora-Ogur syndrome is caused by mutations in the gene PVRL1 (11q23-q24) which encodes nectin-1, the principal receptor used by alpha-herpesviruses to mediate entry into human cells. Although the mechanism underlying the physiopathology of Zlotogora-Ogur syndrome is still unknown, it has been proposed that nectin-1 is a cell-cell adhesion molecule that is preferentially expressed in keratinocytes and that mutations in PVRL1 may abrogate NAP (nectin, afadin, ponsin)-dependent cell-cell adhesion.

Genetic counseling
Transmission is autosomal recessive.

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.
Last updated: 11/1/2013

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

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Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Bilateral cleft lip and palate
Right and left cleft lip and palate
0002744
Ectodermal dysplasia 0000968
Finger syndactyly 0006101
Macrotia
Large ears
0000400
Toe syndactyly
Fused toes
Webbed toes
[ more ] 		0001770
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Abnormality of dental morphology
Abnormality of dental shape
Abnormally shaped teeth
Deformity of teeth
Dental deformity
Dental malformations
Malformed teeth
Misshapen teeth
Misshapened teeth
[ more ] 		0006482
Alopecia
Hair loss
0001596
Bilateral single transverse palmar creases 0007598
Carious teeth
Dental cavities
Tooth cavities
Tooth decay
[ more ] 		0000670
Downslanted palpebral fissures
Downward slanting of the opening between the eyelids
0000494
Dystrophic fingernails
Poor fingernail formation
0008391
Dystrophic toenail
Poor toenail formation
0001810
Highly arched eyebrow
Arched eyebrows
Broad, arched eyebrows
High, rounded eyebrows
High-arched eyebrows
Thick, flared eyebrows
[ more ] 		0002553
Hypogonadism
Decreased activity of gonads
0000135
Hypoplasia of the zygomatic bone
Cheekbone underdevelopment
Decreased size of cheekbone
Underdevelopment of cheekbone
[ more ] 		0010669
Intellectual disability
Mental deficiency
Mental retardation
Mental retardation, nonspecific
Mental-retardation
[ more ] 		0001249
Micrognathia
Little lower jaw
Small jaw
Small lower jaw
[ more ] 		0000347
Midface retrusion
Decreased size of midface
Midface deficiency
Underdevelopment of midface
[ more ] 		0011800
Neurological speech impairment
Speech disorder
Speech impairment
Speech impediment
[ more ] 		0002167
Pili torti
Flattened and twisted hair
0003777
Protruding ear
Prominent ear
Prominent ears
[ more ] 		0000411
Recurrent respiratory infections
Frequent respiratory infections
Multiple respiratory infections
respiratory infections, recurrent
Susceptibility to respiratory infections
[ more ] 		0002205
Scrotal hypoplasia
Smaller than typical growth of scrotum
0000046
Sparse hair 0008070
Sparse lateral eyebrow
Limited hair on end of eyebrow
0005338
Synophrys
Monobrow
Unibrow
[ more ] 		0000664
Wide intermamillary distance
Wide-spaced nipples
Widely spaced nipples
Widely-spaced nipples
[ more ] 		0006610
Wide nasal bridge
Broad nasal bridge
Broad nasal root
Broadened nasal bridge
Increased breadth of bridge of nose
Increased breadth of nasal bridge
Increased width of bridge of nose
Increased width of nasal bridge
Nasal bridge broad
Wide bridge of nose
Widened nasal bridge
[ more ] 		0000431
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Abnormality of dental enamel
Abnormal tooth enamel
Enamel abnormalities
Enamel abnormality
[ more ] 		0000682
Abnormality of the ureter 0000069
Anodontia
Failure of development of all teeth
0000674
EEG abnormality 0002353
Hyperlordosis
Prominent swayback
0003307
Hypodontia
Failure of development of between one and six teeth
0000668
Hypohidrosis
Decreased ability to sweat
Decreased sweating
Sweating, decreased
[ more ] 		0000966
Palmoplantar hyperkeratosis
Thickening of the outer layer of the skin of the palms and soles
0000972
Seizure 0001250
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Abnormality of the ear 0000598
Abnormality of the philtrum 0000288
Anteverted ears 0040080
Autosomal recessive inheritance 0000007
Cleft palate
Cleft roof of mouth
0000175
Cleft upper lip
Harelip
0000204
Cutaneous finger syndactyly
Webbed fingers
Webbed skin of fingers
[ more ] 		0010554
Cutaneous syndactyly of toes
Webbed skin of toes
0010621
Global developmental delay 0001263
Microdontia
Decreased width of tooth
0000691
Nail dysplasia
Atypical nail growth
0002164
Progressive hypotrichosis 0002296
Psychomotor retardation 0025356
Sparse and thin eyebrow
Thin, sparse eyebrows
0000535
Sparse eyelashes
Scant eyelashes
Scanty eyelashes
Thin eyelashes
[ more ] 		0000653
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Last updated: 7/1/2020

If you need medical advice, you can look for doctors or other healthcare professionals who have experience with this disease. You may find these specialists through advocacy organizations, clinical trials, or articles published in medical journals. You may also want to contact a university or tertiary medical center in your area, because these centers tend to see more complex cases and have the latest technology and treatments.

If you can’t find a specialist in your local area, try contacting national or international specialists. They may be able to refer you to someone they know through conferences or research efforts. Some specialists may be willing to consult with you or your local doctors over the phone or by email if you can't travel to them for care.

You can find more tips in our guide, How to Find a Disease Specialist. We also encourage you to explore the rest of this page to find resources that can help you find specialists.

Healthcare Resources

Research helps us better understand diseases and can lead to advances in diagnosis and treatment. This section provides resources to help you learn about medical research and ways to get involved.

Clinical Research Resources

  • The Centers for Mendelian Genomics program is working to discover the causes of rare genetic disorders. For more information about applying to the research study, please visit their website.

Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.

Organizations Supporting this Disease

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

In-Depth Information

  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Zlotogora syndrome. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.

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