<html>
<head>
<style>
.ancestors * {
display: block;
border: 2px solid lightgrey;
color: lightgrey;
padding: 5px;
margin: 15px;
}
</style>
<script src="../../ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.4.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
$("span").parent("li.first").css({"color": "red", "border": "2px solid red"});
});
</script>
</head>
<body class="ancestors">body (great-great-grandparent)
<div style="width:500px;">div (great-grandparent)
<ul>ul (grandparent)
<li class="first">li (direct parent)
<span>span</span>
</li>
<li class="second">li (direct parent)
<span>span</span>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</body>
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</html>