The liquids

   1. Water

       The main liquid minerals are water and oil.

       Water is the most widespread substance on Earth. It is in the atmosphere, as clouds. It covers three-quarters of the Earth's surface, forming oceans, seas, lakes (see upper picture) and rivers. In the earth there are subsurface stratums forming the springs. In the high mountains it is found in the form of ice and snow. Living beings are made even largely by water and also need it to live.   

   2. Answer where we find clouds, liquid water and snow:
 

In the mountains

In the springs

In the atmosphere

In lakes

    3. Water composition

       Water is formed by the combination of two parts of hydrogen and oxygen.

       Its formula is H2O.

   4. Answer if these statements are true or false:

In water there is only one element

Water is a compound

It has two parts of Oxygen

It has one part of Hydrogen

It has one part of oxygen

It has two parts of hydrogen

    5. Water Classes

        The water is usually composed by other substances that make impure it: salts and dissolving gases. We can distinguish these classes of water according to their composition:

        - Distilled water: it has no impurities because it comes from the distillation of water in a laboratory.

        - Natural water: it comes from the atmosphere (rain or snow) and has undergone a process of distillation. However, it has in dissolution oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2).

        - Saltwater: It is founded in oceans and seas. It represents 98% of the total land area. It contains large amounts of dissolved salts: chlorides, sulfates and bicarbonates of sodium, magnesium and calcium.

        - Fresh water: it comes from the rain and due to the solvent power of water, it always contain dissolved substances but in minor proportions proportions than the salt water.

        There are also hot springs with high temperatures and are medicinal. They have certain temperature or contain dissolved salts used to cure certain diseases.

   6. Select if the indicated water is distilled, natural, salty or fresh:
 

It comes directly from rain

It has no impurity

It has abundant salts

It has few salts



   

    7. The states of water

       Water is in solid (ice, hail, frost), liquid (natural water, dew) and gaseous (water vapor, cloud) form.

        In the picture we see the five processes which produce changes in the state of water:

        - Vaporization: transition from natural water to water vapor. When we boil water at a temperature of 100 ° centigrade, the water becomes water vapor (boiling). The surface of the seas and rivers also evaporates without reaching that temperature (evaporation), forming clouds.

        - Condensation: transition from water vapor to natural water. Thus precipitation forms as rain.

        - Freezing: transition from water to ice, at a temperature of 0 ° C.

        - Melting: transition from solid (hail ice) to liquid (natural water). It occurs when the temperature is between 0 ° and 100 ° C.

      - Sublimation: transition from ice water vapor to ice or vice versa.

   8. Indicate if vaporization, condensation, freezing, melting or sublimation occurs:
 

From vapor to Natural water

From Natural water to ice

From Natural water to vapor

From ice to vapor

From ice to water

From vapor to ice

   9. Rain.

     In the picture we see that the water of the seas and rivers evaporates due to the action of the sun's heat. It forms clouds and when these clouds suffer winds and suitable temperatures discharge their contents as rain, snow or hail. If precipitation occurs on the continent, the water can be stored in lakes or seep and form groundwater or discourse by rivers until get back to the sea.


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In Spanish | To print |

®Arturo Ramo García.-Record of intellectual property of Teruel (Spain) No 141, of 29-IX-1999
Plaza Playa de Aro, 3, 1º DO 44002-TERUEL