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5. Contrasts of the globe    On the Earth's surface, we see sunken zones occupied by oceans and seas and projections or elevated zones which form the continents and islands. But the distribution of lands and seas is very unequal in two ways: - The seas have an area three times larger than the land. While the land is covered by the 72% of water, the land only covers 28%. - There is more land in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere. The continents in the Northern Hemisphere occupy 39% and in the Southern Hemisphere 17%.    In the side picture, we see the greatest surface of the water and the greatest proportion of land (black color) in the Northern Hemisphere.

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   6. Answer if these sentences are true or false:

The sunken zones are continents
There is more surface of oceans and seas
The land occupies 28%
The oceans occupies 39%
In the Northern Hemisphere, the land covers 17%
The waters occupy 72%
In the south, the land covers 17%

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    7. Continents, peninsulas and islands

   The continents occupy 149 000 000 square kilometers distributed in this way:
   - Europe: 10 000 000 km²
   - Asia: 44 150 000 km².
   - Africa: 30 500 000 km².
   - North America: 24,000,000 km².
   - South America: 18 000 000 km².
   - Oceania: 9 000 000 km².
   - Antarctica Continent or Antarctic: 14 000 000 km².

   The peninsulas are pieces of land that are bordered by water on all sides except one which connects to the continent called the isthmus. Spain and Portugal make up the Iberian Peninsula.
   The islands are pieces of land that are surrounded by water. The collection of islands is called archipelago.

   8. Oceans and Seas

   Waters occupy 366 000 000 km² and they are divided in oceans and seas.
   The oceans are very large expanses of sea that cover different continents. The oceans are:
   - Pacific: 126 900 000 km²
   - Atlantic: 58 000 000 km²
   - Indian: 42 400 000 km²
   - Antarctic: 85 000 000 km²
   - Arctic: 14 100 000 km²

   Seas are smaller than oceans. They are classified into:
   - Open sea: it widely communicates with the ocean. For example: the North Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.
   - Inland Sea: it communicates with the ocean by a strait. For example: The Mediterranean Sea is connected to the Atlantic Ocean through the Strait of Gibraltar.
   - Enclosed sea: it is on one continent and does not communicate with the oceans. For example: the Caspian Sea.

   6. Indicate if these sentences are true or false:

 

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