El primer console log muestra la información correcta, pero el segundo aparece como undefined y no encuentro el motivo.
var addresses = [
{name: 'Asensio Gonzalez', address:'C/San Marcos 377, 1ºB, 28030 Madrid' },
{name: 'Javier Gomez', address:'C/San Pere 152, 4ºC, esc drc, 14050 Malaga'},
{name: 'Irene Montealegre', address:'C/San Juan 8, 1ºB, 33500 Alicante'},
{name: 'Tobias Ibarretxe', address:'C/San Antonio 7, 1ºB, 12500 Donostia'},
{name: 'José García', address:'C/San Fermin 3, 1ºB, 13600 Caceres'},
];
var coords=[];
for (var x = 0; x < addresses.length; x++) {
$.getJSON('http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address='+addresses[x].address+'&sensor=false', null, function (data) {
var lat = data.results[0].geometry.location.lat
var lng = data.results[0].geometry.location.lng;
coords.push( {lat:lat,lng:lng} );
//console.log({lat:lat,lng:lng} )
});
}
console.log('Coordenadas '+ coords );
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>