Sir Salimullah Medical College

Sir Salimullah Medical College
স্যার সলিমুল্লাহ মেডিকেল কলেজ
Crest of SSMC
Former names
Dhaka Medical School (1875–1962)
Mitford Medical College (1962–1963)
TypePublic medical college
Established1875 (1875)[1]
Academic affiliation
University of Dhaka[2]
PrincipalProf. Dr. Md. Nurul Huda Lenin[3]
Director of HospitalBrig. Gen. Kazi Rashid-un-Nabi[4]
Academic staff
145[1]
Students1,600[5]
Location
Old Dhaka, Dhaka
,
Bangladesh

23°42′38″N 90°24′04″E / 23.7106°N 90.4011°E / 23.7106; 90.4011
CampusUrban
ColorsRed and white
   
Websitewww.ssmcbd.net

Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), commonly known as Mitford, is a public medical college located in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Founded in 1875, it is the oldest and second largest medical school in Bangladesh.[6] It includes Mitford Hospital, which is the oldest hospital in the country and one of the earliest hospitals in this subcontinent from where the evolution of medical education started.[7][8]

The medical college was established with the goal of flourishing medical education in East Bengal and to provide better healthcare services to the people.[7] It has been producing quality physicians, eminent researchers and health policy makers who are currently working in different medical sectors at home and abroad.[7]

History

Mitford Hospital seen in a photo from circa 1880
Mitford Hospital, Dhaka. Photograph taken by Fritz Kapp in 1904

Sir Salimullah Medical College was established in 1875 in Old Dhaka as Dhaka Medical School with Mitford Hospital being a part of the college.[1] Mitford Hospital was named after Robert Mitford, a British colonial official, who funded the hospital.[9] He left his estate to the government of Bengal to establish a medical facility in Dacca.[7] The Governor General of India, James Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie, established Mitford Hospital with the endowment. Funding for the school came from 16 aristocrats and philanthropists of Bengal.[1] Babu Protap Chandra Dash, Gour Netai Shaha Shonkhonidhy, Shontosh Rani Dinmony Chowdhurany, and Shontosh Raja Monmoth Roy Chowdhury contributed funding for the water and sewage facilities of the school.[7]

A medical school, the first of its kind in this region, began its journey on 15 June 1875. Later on, the DC of Dhaka division Mr. W.R. Larmini laid the stone of the academic building in April 1887. In September 1889, Governor of Bengal Sir Steuart Colvin Bayley presided over the opening ceremony of that building.[7]

A total number of 384 students got admitted in the school in the first batch. The number increased by and by. They got admitted for a 4-year course leading to a diploma of LMF (Licentiate of Medical Faculty), offered by the State Medical Faculty.[7]

Nawab Sir Khwaja Salimullah

The LMF course was abandoned in 1957. The medical school was converted to a medical college and named Mitford Medical College in 1962.[7] The next year, governor Abdul Monem Khan renamed it Sir Sallimullah Medical College, after the name of Khwaja Salimullah, Nawab of Dhaka, in recognition of the contribution of the Nawab family to the establishment of the college.[10] From 1963 to 1973, the college offered a condensed MBBS program.[1]

Dr. AFM Nurul Islam took the chair of principal and started the condensed course of MBBS in 1963. After the Independence of Bangladesh, Professor Dr Muhammad Ibrahim took the chair of principal and under his direct supervision SSMC started its journey as a full-fledged medical college. On 8 February 1973, the first batch of undergraduates started their classes.[7]

In 1974, the Civil Surgeon of Dhaka was relieved of his duty to oversee the college, after which a principal was appointed for SSMC and a superintendent was appointed for Mitford Hospital.[1] The superintendent position was upgraded to director in 1984.[1]

The postgraduate courses were introduced in January 2002.[7] In May 2008, the college was suffering from a shortage of classrooms.[6] In 2011, a Dental unit was established as a part of the medical college and the first batch of students of BDS course enrolled in 2012.[11]

Campus

Hasnahena Garden

The campus is located at Mitford road, Babubazar, Old Dhaka, historic old part of the Dhaka city.[12] It is spread over about 2.8 acres of land, on the bank of Buriganga river.[13] The medical college building is situated to the south-east of the hospital area, near the river bank with a large garden in front.[14] The building is four-storeyed with a floor space of 4,940 square meters on each floor. The building accommodates the Departments of Anatomy, Pathology, Biochemistry and Microbiology. The Departments of Physiology, Pharmacology, Community Medicine and Forensic Medicine are housed in another building in front of the main building.[7]

King Edward Building

Mitford Hospital, one of the largest hospitals in Bangladesh, is located adjacent to the college campus. It occupies an oblong area of about 12.8 acres of land on the bank of Buriganga river.[15] The hospital complex comprises more than fourteen buildings, most of which were originally single-storied and later have been raised to multiple storeys. With gradual expansion since its initial foundation, the campus comprises a mix of buildings depicting both modern and colonial architecture.[15]

The main hospital building is eight-storeyed which is commonly known as 'surgery building', as it houses the surgical units.[7] The outpatient department is located in another building, in front of the main building. The King Edward Building is three-storeyed which houses the medicine units, hence it is commonly known as 'medicine building'. The building is named after King Edward VII. A marble plaque on the entrance wall depicts a portrait of King Edward VII, to whom the building was dedicated.[7]

Academics

The Academic Building

Admission

A countrywide combined medical admission test for MBBS course is held every year under the supervision of DGHS. Students after passing Higher Secondary School Certificate or equivalent examinations with the required grades can apply for the test. In 2020, 230 seats were allocated for MBBS course in Sir Salimullah Medical College.[16][17] The qualified candidates, according to their preferences, get the opportunity to study at the medical college. Foreign candidates are selected by DGHS and MOHFW as per required qualifications.[18]

Undergraduate

The medical college offers MBBS and BDS degrees at the undergraduate level. It conducts the 5-year courses according to the curriculum developed by Bangladesh Medical and Dental Council. A medical student studies Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Forensic Medicine, Community Medicine, Pathology, Pharmacology, Microbiology, Medicine, Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics during the MBBS course period.[19]

The courses are divided into four phases. Four professional examinations, one at the end of each phase, are held under the University of Dhaka. After passing the final professional examination, a student is awarded the MBBS degree.[20] After graduation, medical graduates are required to undertake one-year of internship training at the Mitford Hospital.[21]

Postgraduate

The medical college offers MD, MS, MPhil and Diploma in several specialties in affiliation with the University of Dhaka and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University.[22][23] It is also recognised by the Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons for imparting training and conducting courses in various specialties.[24]

Library

The library is situated on the ground floor of new academic building with a large collection of medical books. SSMC has a developing library section with books about educational innovations, educational psychology, instructional techniques, curriculum development, curriculum evaluation etc. Many WHO and other publications on human resource development for health are also available. The library is enriched with more than 150 journals and 23000 medical books.[25][26]

Dental unit

In 2011, a Dental unit was established as a part of the medical college. The first batch of students of BDS course enrolled in 2012.[27] A countrywide combined dental admission test is held every year and 52 seats are allocated for dental students in SSMC.[28]

A dental student studies Anatomy & Dental Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Pathology, Microbiology, Medicine, Surgery, Periodontology, Oral and maxillofacial surgery, Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Orthodontics during the course period. After passing the final professional examination, a student is awarded the BDS degree.[29] After graduation, dental graduates are required to undertake one-year of internship training at the Mitford Hospital.[30]

Departments

Mitford Hospital area

SSMC and Mitford Hospital consist of following departments:[31]

Pre-clinical

  • Department of Anatomy
  • Department of Physiology
  • Department of Biochemistry

Para-clinical

  • Department of Community Medicine
  • Department of Forensic Medicine
  • Department of Microbiology
  • Department of Pathology
  • Department of Pharmacology

Clinical

  • Department of Medicine
  • Department of Neurology
  • Department of Nephrology
  • Department of Cardiology
  • Department of Hematology
  • Department of Gastroenterology
  • Department of Psychiatry
  • Department of Dermatology
  • Department of Hepatology
  • Department of Pediatrics
  • Department of Neonatology
  • Department of Respiratory Medicine
  • Department of Transfusion Medicine
  • Department of Surgery
  • Department of Pediatric Surgery
  • Department of Neurosurgery
  • Department of Burn & Plastic Surgery
  • Department of Cardiac Surgery
  • Department of Orthopedics
  • Department of Urology
  • Department of Casualty
  • Department of Ophthalmology
  • Department of ENT and HNS
  • Department of Anesthesiology
  • Department of Gynae and Obs
  • Department of Radiology

Student life

Hostels

Entrance of Main Hostel

There are five residential halls for accommodation of the students as well as intern doctors. Three hostels for male students and interns are: four-storeyed Main hostel, six-storeyed Alauddin hostel and six-storeyed Intern doctors' hostel.[32] Two hostels for female students and interns are: Ladies hostel and Female Intern doctors' hostel.[33] The ladies hostel suffered from inadequate facilities for the number of female students.[6]

Student organizations

SSMC pioneered some nationwide appreciated voluntary organizations like Sandhani, Rotaract club, Leo club etc.[34] Medicine Club (a voluntary students' organization) established a unit here in 1990, for the first time outside of Mymensingh Medical College.[35]

Debate and quiz

Students of the medical college often participate in debate and quiz competitions. A team participated in the BUP Intervarsity English Debate Competition 2022.[36] A student of this college was announced as the best speaker in BUTEX DC National Debate Fest 2022.[37] Debate and Quiz Society of SSMC, AIUB Department of Public Health and USAID fellows worked closely to arrange the first Global Health Festival in 2014.[38] That year, Debate and Quiz Society also organized the 'IFIC Bank-DQS SSMC Carnival Captive 2014', the event had sections of liberation war olympiad, inter-university debate and quiz competitions, medical spelling competition (medispell) and ideation competition workshop on various topics.[39]

Sports facilities

SSMC has a large playground located a few blocks away from the main campus, known as Armanitola playground. The ground was built by Nawab Salimullah during the British raj. Armanitola was named after the Armenian Christian community living there at the time. This is a field of historical significance, the first public meeting of Awami Muslim League was held on this field in 1949.[40]

Now it is used as a venue for annual sports events as well as for cricket and football competitions. Students can access the facility all year round. Besides, the Main hostel has a badminton court and indoor games facilities.[40]

Cultural activities

SSMC Day 2023

Student organizations of the college arrange several cultural programmes every year.[41] SSMC Day is celebrated each year on the premises on 8 February, the founding day of the institution. A joyous procession circumambulates the campus marking the occasion.[42]

Ranking

Sir Salimullah Medical College is ranked second among the government medical colleges in Bangladesh by the Directorate General of Medical Education ranking.[43][44]

Recognition

Sir Salimullah Medical College is listed in the World Directory of Medical Schools.[45] It is approved by the National Medical Commission of India.[46] Graduates of this medical college are eligible to appear in different medical licensing examinations like USMLE, PLAB, AMC, MCCQE and NZREX.[47][48][49]

Journal

Sir Salimullah Medical College Journal is a biannual journal published by the editorial board on behalf of SSMC Teachers’ Association. Each issue includes editorial, original articles, review articles and case reports of exceptional merit on any discipline of medical science. It is a peer-reviewed, open access journal which is listed in the MEDLINE database.[50][51]

Alumni association

Reunion of SSMC Alumni Association Abroad in Orlando, FL

Sir Salimullah Medical College graduates have a strong alumni presence in United States, United Kingdom and Canada. SSMC Alumni Association Abroad is an organization of the alumni who are currently living abroad.[52] The alumni association is involved in exchange of skills and education with the college. They provide scholarship every year to the students of SSMC. The organization responds to national and international crisis, they made donations towards the victims of east coast natural disaster and famine-stricken children of Somalia.[53][54]

Notable people

Alumni

  • Abul Bashar Mohammed Khurshid Alam, Director General of Directorate General of Health Services[55]
  • Sezan Mahmud, writer, lyricist, columnist, Professor of Medical Sciences at Quinnipiac University[56]
  • Mustafizur Rahman, diplomat, High Commissioner of Bangladesh to India[57]
  • Azharul Haque, intellectual killed during the Bangladesh Liberation War[58]
  • Rakhal Chandra Das, intellectual killed during the Bangladesh Liberation War[59]
  • Atiqur Rahman, intellectual killed during the Bangladesh Liberation War[60]
  • Mohammad Shamshad Ali, intellectual killed during the Bangladesh Liberation War[61]
  • HBM Iqbal, former Member of Parliament[62]
  • Moin Uddin Ahmed, former Member of Parliament[63]
  • Benoy Krishna Basu, Indian revolutionary[64]
  • Rawshan Ara, film actress[65]
  • Md. Rustum Ali Faraji, Member of Parliament[66]
  • Pravat Chandra Barua, epidemiologist, former Vice-chancellor of the University of Science and Technology Chittagong[67]
  • Mohammad Haris Ali, Independence Award recipient[68]
  • Selina Hayat Ivy, Mayor of Narayanganj City Corporation[69]
  • Md. Billal Alam, honorary secretary of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons[70]
  • Sirajul Islam, founder of Dr. Sirajul Islam Medical College[71]
  • Kaisar Nasrullah Khan, clinical and interventional cardiologist at United Hospital[72]
  • Shakil Farid, Consultant cardiac surgeon at Royal Papworth Hospital[73]
  • Shafi U. Bhuiyan, Professor of public health at the University of Toronto[74]

Faculty

  • AFM Alim Chowdhury, Ophthalmologist[75]
  • Zohra Begum Kazi, gynecologist, first Bengali Muslim female physician[76]
  • A. Q. M. Badruddoza Chowdhury, former President of Bangladesh[77]
  • Muhammad Ibrahim, National Professor of Bangladesh[78]
  • Nurul Islam, National Professor of Bangladesh[79]
  • AHM Touhidul Anowar Chowdhury, Independence Award recipient[80]
  • Pran Gopal Datta, Independence Award recipient[81]
  • Indrajit Prasad, eminent endocrinologist[82]
  • Badrul Alam, physician, language activist[83]
  • Shamsuddin Ahmed, surgeon, intellectual killed during the Bangladesh Liberation War[84]
  • Sayeba Akhter, gynecologist, Ekushey Padak recipient [85]
  • Mujibur Rahman, medical scientist, Ekushey Padak recipient[86]
  • Arup Ratan Choudhury, dentist, Ekushey Padak recipient[87]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Hoque, Sydul. "Sir Salimullah Medical College". Banglapedia. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  2. ↑ "Constituent Colleges". University of Dhaka.
  3. ↑ "Nurul Huda new principal of Salimullah Medical College". Bangladesh Post.
  4. ↑ "করোনাভাইরাস: মিটফোর্ড হাসপাতালের এত বেশি স্বাস্থ্যকর্মী কেন আক্রান্ত?". BBC (in Bengali).
  5. ↑ "মামলা জটিলতায় কাজ বন্ধ". Jugantor (in Bengali).
  6. 1 2 3 Ghias, Durdana (19 May 2008). "Classes held 'anywhere', 6 chairs for 7 lecturers in one room". The Daily Star. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Hossain, Md Rajib. "Celebrating 150 years of Sir Salimullah Medical College". Star Campus. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  8. ↑ "চলুন ঘুরে আসি দেশের সবচেয়ে প্রাচীন মেডিকেল কলেজ থেকে". Deho.com.bd (in Bengali).
  9. ↑ Ahmed, Sharif uddin. "Mitford, Robert - Banglapedia". en.banglapedia.org. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  10. ↑ "মিটফোর্ড হাসপাতাল থেকে স্যার সলিমুল্লাহ মেডিকেল কলেজ: একটি পর্যালোচনা". Daily Purbodesh (in Bengali).
  11. ↑ "Sir Salimullah Medical College Dental Unit". School & College Listings. Retrieved 30 April 2023.
  12. ↑ "Preservation of Old Dhaka historic sites demanded". Tritiyomatra. Retrieved 30 April 2023.
  13. ↑ "Sir Salimullah Medical College". Banglapedia. Retrieved 30 April 2023.
  14. ↑ Ahmed, Nazimuddin. Buildings of the British Raj in Bangladesh, Edited by John Sanday. University Press Limited. ISBN 9840510916.
  15. 1 2 "Mitford Hospital". Banglapedia.
  16. ↑ "Medical Admission Test Circular 2019-20। dghs.teletalk.com.bd". Admissionwar.com. 27 August 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  17. ↑ মেডিকেল কলেজসমূহে এমবিবিএস কোর্সে প্রথম বর্ষে ভর্তি বিজ্ঞপ্তি ২০১৯-২০ দেখুন এখানে. lekhaporabd.com (in Bengali). 18 September 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  18. ↑ "List of foreign students selected for admission in Government Medical Colleges". dghs.gov.bd. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  19. ↑ "Medical Study Pattern in Bangladesh". mbbsbangladesh. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  20. ↑ MBBS Curriculum Update 2012. "BM&DC". Bangladesh Medical & Dental Council. Archived from the original on 29 October 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  21. ↑ "Mitford interns call off strike". Prothom Alo.
  22. ↑ Office of the Inspector of Colleges. List of Constituent College.pdf
  23. ↑ "Affiliated Institutes - BSMMU-Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University". bsmmu.edu.bd. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  24. ↑ "Bangladesh College of Physicians & Surgeons". bcps.edu.bd.
  25. ↑ "Library". SSMC. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
  26. ↑ "Sir Salimullah Medical College". RMC education.
  27. ↑ "Sir Salimullah Medical College Dental Unit". School & College Listings. Retrieved 30 April 2023.
  28. ↑ "বাংলাদেশের ডেন্টাল কলেজ ভর্তি পরীক্ষা". Retina Rajshahi Branch (in Bengali). Retrieved 30 April 2023.
  29. ↑ "BDS Curriculum in Bangladesh". Bangladesh Study Center. Retrieved 30 April 2023.
  30. ↑ "Mitford interns call off strike". Prothom Alo.
  31. ↑ "SSMC&MH Doctor's profile". ssmcmh.gov.bd.
  32. ↑ "সলিমুল্লাহ মেডিকেলের ছাত্রাবাসে ব্যাপক ভাংচুর চালাল ছাত্রলীগ". Samakal (in Bengali). Retrieved 1 May 2023.
  33. ↑ "Classes held 'anywhere', 6 chairs for 7 lecturers in one room". Daily Star.
  34. ↑ "SSMC volunteer organisations". Retinabd.
  35. ↑ "About us". Medicine Club.
  36. ↑ "IUB wins BUP Intervarsity English Debate Competition 2022". Dhaka Tribune.
  37. ↑ "Curtain Falls for the Auko-Tex Presents BUTEX DC National Debate Fest 2022". Financial Express.
  38. ↑ "AIUB Sets Precedence in Global Health Education in Bangladesh". AIUB.
  39. ↑ "Medispell contest at SSMC ends". The New Nation.
  40. 1 2 "আরমানিটোলা মাঠ ঐতিহ্য হারাচ্ছে". Jugantor.
  41. ↑ "৮ ফেব্রুয়ারি 'এসএসএমসি ডে'". Medivoicebd (in Bengali).
  42. ↑ "51st founding anniversary of SSMC celebrated". TBS.
  43. ↑ "সরকারী মেডিকেল কলেজ (সকল)". Directorate General of Medical Education (in Bengali). Retrieved 4 May 2023.
  44. ↑ A list of Govt. Medical Colleges
  45. ↑ "Sir Salimullah Medical College". World Directory of Medical Schools.
  46. ↑ "List of NMC approved medical colleges in Bangladesh". sheenstein.com.
  47. ↑ "Registration policy". Medical Council of New Zealand.
  48. ↑ "ECFMG Medical School Listing Policy". ECFMG.
  49. ↑ "Self-check of eligible schools, medical degrees". Australian Medical Council.
  50. ↑ "SSMC Journal". SSMC official website. Retrieved 6 December 2020.
  51. ↑ "Bangladesh Journals Online". Banglajol.
  52. ↑ "SSMC ALUMNI ASSOCIATION ABROAD HOME". www.ssmcalumni.org. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  53. ↑ "SSMC Alumni Abroad". SSMC Alumni Association Abroad. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  54. ↑ "Sir Salimullah Medical College Alumni". Day of Difference.
  55. ↑ "স্বাস্থ্য অধিদফতরের নতুন ডিজি কে এই ডা. খুরশীদ?". www.jugantor.com. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  56. ↑ "Saleh M. Rahman, MD". qu.edu. September 2022.
  57. ↑ "Muhammad Imran new ambassador to US, Mustafizur Rahman high commissioner to India". The Daily Star. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
  58. ↑ "Haque, Azharul - Banglapedia". en.banglapedia.org. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  59. ↑ "Das, Rakhal Chandra - Banglapedia". en.banglapedia.org. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  60. ↑ Reaz, Bayzid Khurshid. "Rahman, Atiqur". Banglapedia. Retrieved 1 May 2023.
  61. ↑ Khan, Muazzam Hussain. "Ali, Mohammad Shamshad". Banglapedia. Retrieved 1 May 2023.
  62. ↑ "Chairman - Home". Premier Bank Limited. Retrieved 1 May 2023.
  63. ↑ "চাঁপাইনবাবগঞ্জ জেলার শিবগঞ্জ উপজেলার প্রখ্যাত ব্যক্তিত্ব". Bangladesh National Portal (in Bengali). Retrieved 2 September 2023.
  64. ↑ "Basu, Benoy Krishna - Banglapedia". en.banglapedia.org. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  65. ↑ "রওশন আরা". Bmdb (in Bengali). Retrieved 1 May 2023.
  66. ↑ "Dr. Md. Rustum Ali Faraji". AmarMP. Retrieved 1 May 2023.
  67. ↑ "Prof Dr Pravat Barua made USTC VC". The New Nation.
  68. ↑ "স্বাপ্নিক এবং সংগ্রামী ডাক্তার হারিছ আলী". drharisali.com.
  69. ↑ "Dr. Selina Hayat Ivy". ncc.portal.gov.bd.
  70. ↑ "আদ-দ্বীন উইমেন্স মেডিকেল কলেজের নতুন অধ্যক্ষ ডা. বিল্লাল আলম". barta24.com. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
  71. ↑ "Profile of Founder and ex-chairman". drsimc.com.
  72. ↑ "Dr. Kaisar Nasrullah Khan". United Hospital. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
  73. ↑ "Dr. Shakil Farid, FCPS, MRCSED, FRCS (C-TH), MBA". Planetary Health Academia.
  74. ↑ "Shafi U. Bhuiyan". Dalla Lana School of Public Health.
  75. ↑ Reaz, Bayzid Khurshid (2012). "Chowdhury, AFM Abdul Alim". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh. Archived from the original on 4 October 2017.
  76. ↑ Akhtar, Shirin (2012). "Kazi, Zohra Begum". In Sirajul Islam; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 984-32-0576-6. OCLC 52727562. OL 30677644M. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  77. ↑ "AQM Badruddoza Chowdhury". Banglapedia. Retrieved 1 May 2023.
  78. ↑ "একজন ডা. ইব্রাহিম". Daily Inqilab (in Bengali). Retrieved 4 May 2023.
  79. ↑ Mintu Chowdhury (24 January 2013). "National Prof Nurul Islam dies". bdnews24.com. Retrieved 1 May 2023.
  80. ↑ "Professor T A Chowdhury, Bangladesh" (PDF). South East Asia Journal of Public Health. 4 (2): 59. doi:10.3329/seajph.v4i2.24053.
  81. ↑ Ahmad, Md Sarwar. "A freedom fighter and physician dedicated to the cause of humanity". The Asian Age. Bangladesh. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
  82. ↑ "Dr. Indrajit Prasad". Dhaka Medical College.
  83. ↑ "Dr. Badrul Alam". Bhorer Kagoj (in Bengali). 14 February 2019. Retrieved 1 May 2023.
  84. ↑ Khan, Muazzam Hussain (2012). "Ahmed, Shamsuddin3". In Sirajul Islam; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 984-32-0576-6. OCLC 52727562. OL 30677644M. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  85. ↑ "নারীদের প্রসব-পরবর্তী জটিলতা ঠেকালো যার উদ্ভাবন". Itrefaq (in Bengali). Retrieved 2 May 2023.
  86. ↑ Md Fazlur Rahman (6 March 2014). "Of blood transfusion architect". The Daily Star. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
  87. ↑ "ড. অরূপ রতন চৌধুরীর সিলেট-২ আসনে প্রার্থীতা ঘোষণা". dainiksylhet.com.
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