Arsenophonus

Arsenophonus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Bacteria
Phylum:
Proteobacteria
Class:
Gammaproteobacteria
Order:
Enterobacterales
Family:
Morganellaceae
Genus:
Arsenophonus

Gherna et al. 1991
Type species
Arsenophonus nasoniae[1]
Species

A. nasoniae[1]

Arsenophonus is a genus of Morganellaceae, of the Gammaproteobacteria.[2] Members of the Arsenophonus genus are increasingly discovered bacterial symbionts of arthropods that are estimated to infect over 5% of arthropod species globally [3] and form a variety of relationships with hosts across the mutualism parasitism continuum. Arsenophonus bacteria have been identified in a diversity of insect taxa, including economically important species such as the Western honey bee[4][5] and the rice pest Nilaparvata lugens.[6]

The majority of work on Arsenophonus has been done on the type species Arsenophonus nasoniae for which genetic manipulation has been successful in achieving in vivo tracking of the bacterium.[7] Arsenophonus nasoniae infects Nasonia parasitic wasps,[8][1] is vertically transmitted through eggs, and has a male-killing phenotype. Infection with Arsenophonus nasoniae triggers the death of approximately 80% of the wasps male offspring.[9][10] Killing male offspring is thought to facilitate the spread of Arsenophonus through the host population as it releases more resources to female offspring, and it is the female line that Arsenophonus is transmitted through.[11][12]

Within the genus a number of Arsenophonus strains have known roles as mutualistic endosymbionts.[13] In both Pediculus humanus[14] and Lipoptena cervi [15]Arsenophonus symbionts are essential to host functioning and are involved in vitamin synthesis, and are vertically transmitted across host generations. In other hosts Arsenophonus is suspected to be parasitic. In the Western honey bee Arsenophonus can be horizontally transmitted via social behaviour,[5] and the presence of Arsenophonus in a colony has been linked to poor bee health.[16][17] The majority of associations between Arsenophonus and host taxa remain uncharacterized.

References

  1. 1 2 3 LPSN lpsn.dsmz.de
  2. ↑ Gherna, Robert L.; et al. (1991). "NOTES: Arsenophonus nasoniae gen. nov., sp. nov., the Causative Agent of the Son-Killer Trait in the Parasitic Wasp Nasonia vitripennis". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 41 (4): 563–565. doi:10.1099/00207713-41-4-563.
  3. ↑ Duron, Olivier; Bouchon, Didier; Boutin, Sébastien; Bellamy, Lawrence; Zhou, Liqin; Engelstädter, Jan; Hurst, Gregory D. (2008-06-24). "The diversity of reproductive parasites among arthropods: Wolbachiado not walk alone". BMC Biology. 6 (1): 27. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-6-27. ISSN 1741-7007. PMC 2492848. PMID 18577218.
  4. ↑ Yañez, Orlando (2016). "Endosymbiotic bacteria in honey bees: Arsenophonus spp. are not transmitted transovarially". FEMS Microbiology Letters. 363 (14): fnw147. doi:10.1093/femsle/fnw147. PMC 4941583. PMID 27279628.
  5. 1 2 Drew, Georgia C.; Budge, Giles E.; Frost, Crystal L.; Neumann, Peter; Siozios, Stefanos; Yañez, Orlando; Hurst, Gregory D. D. (October 2021). "Transitions in symbiosis: evidence for environmental acquisition and social transmission within a clade of heritable symbionts". The ISME Journal. 15 (10): 2956–2968. doi:10.1038/s41396-021-00977-z. ISSN 1751-7370. PMC 8443716. PMID 33941888.
  6. ↑ Fan, Hai-Wei; Lu, Jia-Bao; Ye, Yu-Xuan; Yu, Xiao-Ping; Zhang, Chuan-Xi (2016). "Characteristics of the draft genome of "Candidatus Arsenophonus nilaparvatae", a facultative endosymbiont of Nilaparvata lugens". Insect Science. 23 (3): 478–486. doi:10.1111/1744-7917.12318. ISSN 1744-7917. PMID 26792263. S2CID 44398605.
  7. ↑ Nadal-Jimenez, Pol; Griffin, Joanne S.; Davies, Lianne; Frost, Crystal L.; Marcello, Marco; Hurst, Gregory D. D. (2019). "Genetic manipulation allows in vivo tracking of the life cycle of the son-killer symbiont, Arsenophonus nasoniae, and reveals patterns of host invasion, tropism and pathology". Environmental Microbiology. 21 (8): 3172–3182. doi:10.1111/1462-2920.14724. ISSN 1462-2920. PMC 6771839. PMID 31237728.
  8. ↑ Huger, AM; Skinner, SW; Werren, JH (1985). "Bacterial infections associated with the son-killer trait in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia (= Mormoniella) vitripennis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)". Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 46 (3): 272–80. doi:10.1016/0022-2011(85)90069-2. PMID 4067323.
  9. ↑ Werren, J. H.; Skinner, S. W.; Huger, A. M. (1986-02-28). "Male-killing bacteria in a parasitic wasp". Science. 231 (4741): 990–992. Bibcode:1986Sci...231..990W. doi:10.1126/science.3945814. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 3945814.
  10. ↑ Ferree, Patrick M.; Avery, Amanda; Azpurua, Jorge; Wilkes, Timothy; Werren, John H. (2008-09-23). "A Bacterium Targets Maternally Inherited Centrosomes to Kill Males in Nasonia". Current Biology. 18 (18): 1409–1414. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.07.093. ISSN 0960-9822. PMC 2577321. PMID 18804376.
  11. ↑ Engelstädter, Jan; Hurst, Gregory D. D. (January 2007). "The Impact of Male-Killing Bacteria on Host Evolutionary Processes". Genetics. 175 (1): 245–254. doi:10.1534/genetics.106.060921. ISSN 0016-6731. PMC 1774985. PMID 17151259.
  12. ↑ Hurst, Gregory D. D.; Majerus, Michael E. N. (July 1993). "Why do maternally inherited microorganisms kill males?". Heredity. 71 (1): 81–95. doi:10.1038/hdy.1993.110. ISSN 1365-2540. S2CID 26129786.
  13. ↑ Nováková, E.; Hypša, V.; Moran, A. (2009). "Arsenophonus, an emerging clade of intracellular symbionts with a broad host distribution". BMC Microbiology. 9: 143. doi:10.1186/1471-2180-9-143. PMC 2724383. PMID 19619300.
  14. ↑ Perotti, M. Alejandra; Allen, Julie M.; Reed, David L.; Braig, Henk R. (April 2007). "Host-symbiont interactions of the primary endosymbiont of human head and body lice". FASEB Journal. 21 (4): 1058–1066. doi:10.1096/fj.06-6808com. ISSN 1530-6860. PMID 17227954. S2CID 18998241.
  15. ↑ Nováková, Eva; Hypša, Václav; Nguyen, Petr; Husník, Filip; Darby, Alistair C. (2016-09-17). "Genome sequence of Candidatus Arsenophonus lipopteni, the exclusive symbiont of a blood sucking fly Lipoptena cervi (Diptera: Hippoboscidae)". Standards in Genomic Sciences. 11 (1): 72. doi:10.1186/s40793-016-0195-1. ISSN 1944-3277. PMC 5027103. PMID 27660670.
  16. ↑ Budge, Giles E.; Adams, Ian; Thwaites, Richard; Pietravalle, Stéphane; Drew, Georgia C.; Hurst, Gregory D. D.; Tomkies, Victoria; Boonham, Neil; Brown, Mike (November 2016). "Identifying bacterial predictors of honey bee health". Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 141: 41–44. doi:10.1016/j.jip.2016.11.003. ISSN 1096-0805. PMID 27818181.
  17. ↑ Cornman, R. Scott; Tarpy, David R.; Chen, Yanping; Jeffreys, Lacey; Lopez, Dawn; Pettis, Jeffery S.; vanEngelsdorp, Dennis; Evans, Jay D. (2012-08-21). "Pathogen Webs in Collapsing Honey Bee Colonies". PLOS ONE. 7 (8): e43562. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...743562C. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0043562. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3424165. PMID 22927991.

Further reading

  • Thao, MyLo Ly; Baumann, Paul (2004). "Evidence for Multiple Acquisition of Arsenophonus by Whitefly Species (Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodidae)". Current Microbiology. 48 (2): 140–144. doi:10.1007/s00284-003-4157-7. ISSN 0343-8651. PMID 15057483. S2CID 2919000.
  • Grindle, Nathan; et al. (2003). "Identification of Arsenophonus-type bacteria from the dog tick Dermacentor variabilis". Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 83 (3): 264–266. doi:10.1016/s0022-2011(03)00080-6. PMID 12877836.


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