Cervical effacement

Cervical effacement or cervical ripening refers to a thinning of the cervix.

Background

Cervical effacement is a component of the Bishop score and can be expressed as a percentage.[1]

Prior to effacement, the cervix is like a long bottleneck, usually about four centimeters in length. Throughout pregnancy, the cervix is tightly closed and protected by a plug of mucus. When the cervix effaces, the mucus plug is loosened and passes out of the vagina. The mucus may be tinged with blood and the passage of the mucus plug is called bloody show (or simply "show"). As effacement takes place, the cervix then shortens, or effaces, pulling up into the uterus and becoming part of the lower uterine wall. Effacement may be measured in percentages, from zero percent (not effaced at all) to 100 percent, which indicates a paper-thin cervix.

Results from a systematic review of the literature found no differences in cesarean delivery nor neonatal outcomes between inpatient or outpatient cervical ripening.[2]

Effacement is accompanied by cervical dilation.

References

  1. ↑ Holcomb WL, Smeltzer JS (July 1991). "Cervical effacement: variation in belief among clinicians". Obstet Gynecol. 78 (1): 43–5. PMID 2047066.
  2. ↑ McDonagh, Marian; Skelly, Andrea C.; Tilden, Ellen; Brodt, Erika D.; Dana, Tracy; Hart, Erica; Kantner, Shelby N.; Fu, Rongwei; Hermesch, Amy C. (2021). "Outpatient Cervical Ripening: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis". Obstetrics & Gynecology. 137 (6): 1091–1101. doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000004382. ISSN 0029-7844. PMC 8011513. PMID 33752219.


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