Lactobacillus gallinarum

Lactobacillus gallinarum
Scientific classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Bacillota
Class: Bacilli
Order: Lactobacillales
Family: Lactobacillaceae
Genus: Lactobacillus
Species:
L. gallinarum
Binomial name
Lactobacillus gallinarum
Fujisawa et al., 1992

Lactobacillus gallinarum is a species in the genus Lactobacillus.[1] Its type strain is ATCC 33199.

L. gallinarum is a native probiotic to chickens.[2] L. gallinarum adheres to the epithelial cells of the crop, ileum, and ceca of broilers.[3] L. gallinarum is most persistent in the ileum and ceca due to its sensitivity to bile.[4] Along with L. gallinarum, L. acidophilus, L. salivarius, L. fermentum, and L. reuteri, are found in high abundance in the ileum and crop of chickens.[3]

Lactobacillus gallinarum is a novel species of Lactobacillus, originally isolated from the crop of chickens.[5] Though closely related to other Lactobacillus species, L. gallinarum has evolved specifically to adhere to poultry epithelial lining, and is able to adhere to the chicken hepatoma cell line (LMH).[4]

Lactobacillus acts as a competitive inhibitor, preventing pathogens from colonizing the gastrointestinal tract. L. gallinarum, along with other Lactobacillus species, was found to reduce Salmonella in the ceca of broilers.[6] Salmonella free broilers were fed a Lactobacillus multi-species probiotic containing L. gallinarum. Twenty days after infection with Salmonella Enteritidis, there was significant reduction of the Salmonella in the ceca of probiotic fed chickens.[6]   

References

  1. ↑ Fujisawa T, Benno Y, Yaeshima T, Mitsuoka T (July 1992). "Taxonomic study of the Lactobacillus acidophilus group, with recognition of Lactobacillus gallinarum sp. nov. and Lactobacillus johnsonii sp. nov. and synonymy of Lactobacillus acidophilus group A3 (Johnson et al. 1980) with the type strain of Lactobacillus amylovorus (Nakamura 1981)". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 42 (3): 487–491. doi:10.1099/00207713-42-3-487. PMID 1503977.
  2. ↑ Lu J, Idris U, Harmon B, Hofacre C, Maurer JJ, Lee MD (November 2003). "Diversity and succession of the intestinal bacterial community of the maturing broiler chicken". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 69 (11): 6816–6824. doi:10.1128/AEM.69.11.6816-6824.2003. PMC 262306. PMID 14602645.
  3. 1 2 Hagen KE, Guan LL, Tannock GW, Korver DR, Allison GE (November 2005). "Detection, characterization, and in vitro and in vivo expression of genes encoding S-proteins in Lactobacillus gallinarum strains isolated from chicken crops". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 71 (11): 6633–6643. doi:10.1128/AEM.71.11.6633-6643.2005. PMC 1287629. PMID 16269691.
  4. 1 2 Spivey MA, Dunn-Horrocks SL, Duong T (November 2014). "Epithelial cell adhesion and gastrointestinal colonization of Lactobacillus in poultry". Poultry Science. 93 (11): 2910–2919. doi:10.3382/ps.2014-04076. PMID 25239531.
  5. ↑ Askelson TE, McMullin AB, Duong T (January 2019). "Targeted gene inactivation in Lactobacillus gallinarum ATCC 33199 using chromosomal integration". Poultry Science. 98 (1): 398–403. doi:10.3382/ps/pey363. PMID 30124967.
  6. 1 2 Neveling DP, van Emmenes L, Ahire JJ, Pieterse E, Smith C, Dicks LM (September 2020). "Effect of a Multi-Species Probiotic on the Colonisation of Salmonella in Broilers". Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins. 12 (3): 896–905. doi:10.1007/s12602-019-09593-y. PMID 31784950.

Further reading


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