List of nail conditions
This is a list of terms used to describe nails in nail diseases.[1][2] Some are normal variants.[3] Most can be diagnosed by their appearance.[4] There may be a change in color, shape, surface, or attachment of the nail.[5]
Types
Nail conditions
A-F
Name | Types | Signs and symptoms | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Anonychia[7] | The absence of finger- and/or toenails.[7] | |||
Beau’s lines | Varying depths of transverse grooves across the nail due to reduced growth or arrest of nail growth.[8] | |||
Chevron nail | Also known as Herringbone nail, is a transient fingernail ridge pattern seen in children.[1] | |||
Chromonychia | Brown-black nails (melanonychia)[9] | Acquired abnormalities of nail color[6] | ||
Blue nails[7] | ||||
Green nails | ||||
Red nails[9] | ||||
White nails: Terry's nails[7] | ||||
Clubbing[8] | Congenital | |||
Acquired | ||||
Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers | ||||
Darier disease | ||||
Drug side effect | ||||
G-I
Name | Description | Image | |
---|---|---|---|
Habit-tic deformity[9] | |||
Half and half nail[7] | |||
Hangnail | An annoying torn piece of skin, next to a fingernail or toenail.[1] | ||
Hapalonychia | |||
Hook nail | |||
Hutchinson sign[10] | |||
Ingrown nail | Ingrowing toenail[8] | ||
Infected ingrowing toenail | |||
J-N
Name | Description | Image | |
---|---|---|---|
Koilonychia[3] |
| ||
Lichen planus of nails | |||
Mees' lines[7] | |||
Muehrcke's nails[7] | |||
Nail–patella syndrome | |||
Nail splitting | |||
O
Name | Description | Image | |
---|---|---|---|
Onychauxis[7] | |||
Onychia | |||
Onychogryphosis[7] | Acquired deformities of the nail plate[6] | ||
Onycholysis | Psoriatic | Acquired deformities of the nail plate[6] | |
Drug-induced | Acquired deformities of the nail plate[6] | ||
Onychophosis | |||
Onychomadesis[3] | Shedding of nails from base[3]
New nail simultaneously appearing[3] Following viral infection[3] |
||
Onychomatricoma | |||
Onychomycosis | |||
Onychorrhexis[7] | Excessive ridges from frequent hand washing.[7] | ||
Onychoschizia[7] | |||
P
Name | Types | Signs and symptomsImage | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Paronychia[12] | Acute[12] | |||
Chronic[12] | ||||
Bacterial[12] | ||||
Viral[12] | ||||
Fungal[12] | ||||
Non-infectious[12] | ||||
Pachyonychia congenita | Acquired deformities of the nail plate[6] | |||
Pincer nail | ||||
Pitted nails[7] | Small, pinpoint depressions in a nail, which may give a clue to diagnosing conditions such as psoriasis and alopecia areata.[1][7] | Acquired deformities of the nail plate[6] | ||
Platonychia | ||||
Plummer's nail | ||||
Psoriatic onychodystrophy | ||||
Pterygium inversus unguis[1] | ||||
Pterygium unguis[1] | ||||
Q-Z
Name | Description | Image | |
---|---|---|---|
Racquet nail | |||
Shell nail syndrome | |||
Splinter hemorrhage[7] | |||
Subungual hematoma | Certain disorders affecting the nails or perionychium[6] | ||
Trachonychia[7] | |||
Yellow nail syndrome[7] | [8] | Acquired abnormalities of nail color[6] | |
See also
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 James, William D.; Elston, Dirk; Treat, James R.; Rosenbach, Misha A.; Neuhaus, Isaac (2020). "33. Diseases of the skin appendages". Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology (13th ed.). Edinburgh: Elsevier. pp. 750–793. ISBN 978-0-323-54753-6. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
- ↑ "Nail terminology | DermNet NZ". dermnetnz.org. Archived from the original on 12 April 2022. Retrieved 15 April 2022.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Bellet, Jane Sanders (2021). "Paediatric nail disorders". In Lipner, Shari (ed.). Nail Disorders: Diagnosis and Management, An Issue of Dermatologic Clinics. Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 231–244. ISBN 978-0-323-70923-1. Archived from the original on 2023-07-01. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
- ↑ Singal, Archana; Neema, Shekhar; Kumar, Piyush, eds. (2019). Nail Disorders: A Comprehensive Approach. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-8153-7834-1. Archived from the original on 2023-07-01. Retrieved 2023-06-02.
- ↑ Berker, David de (2019). "20. Diseases of the nails". In Morris-Jones, Rachael (ed.). ABC of Dermatology (7th ed.). Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 165–174. ISBN 978-1-119-48899-6. Archived from the original on 2023-07-01. Retrieved 2023-06-05.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 "ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics". icd.who.int. Archived from the original on 1 August 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2023.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Johnstone, Ronald B. (2017). "2. Diagnostic clues and "need-to-know" items". Weedon's Skin Pathology Essentials (2nd ed.). Elsevier. pp. 30–33. ISBN 978-0-7020-6830-0. Archived from the original on 2023-07-01. Retrieved 2023-05-31.
- 1 2 3 4 Tosti, Antonella (2020). "413. Diseases of hair and nails". In Goldman, Lee; Schafer, Andrew I. (eds.). Goldman-Cecil Medicine. Vol. 2 (26th ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 2660–2661. ISBN 978-0-323-53266-2. Archived from the original on 2023-06-30. Retrieved 2023-05-31.
- 1 2 3 Sloan, Brett; Muzumdar, Sonal (2022). "15. Conditions that frequently affect a single nail". In Waldman, Reid A.; Grant-Kels, Jane M. (eds.). Dermatology for the Primary Care Provider. Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 268–272. ISBN 978-0-323-71236-1. Archived from the original on 2023-07-30. Retrieved 2023-07-28.
- ↑ Bose, Shiti; Khandare, Manish; Kulkarni, Dipak; Joseph, Jebin (January 2023). "A Compendium of Common Signs in Dermoscopy, Trichoscopy, and Onychoscopy". Clinical Dermatology Review. 7 (1): 44. doi:10.4103/cdr.cdr_74_21. ISSN 2542-551X. Archived from the original on 2023-03-25. Retrieved 2023-07-28.
- ↑ Berker, David de (2019). "20. Diseases of the nails". In Morris-Jones, Rachael (ed.). ABC of Dermatology (7th ed.). Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell. p. 168. ISBN 978-1-119-48899-6. Archived from the original on 2023-07-01. Retrieved 2023-06-05.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Dulski, Anne; Edwards, Christopher W. (2022). "Paronychia". StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. Archived from the original on 2022-08-15. Retrieved 2023-08-03.
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