Megalocornea

Megalocornea
Other names: Anterior megalophthalmos[1]
a,b) Anterior megalophthalmos presents with megalocornea and a very deep anterior chamber.
SpecialtyOphthalmology

Megalocornea (MGCN, MGCN1) is an extremely rare nonprogressive condition in which the cornea has an enlarged diameter, reaching and exceeding 13 mm. It is thought to have two subforms, one with autosomal inheritance and the other X-linked (Xq21.3-q22).[2] The X-linked form is more common and males generally constitute 90% of cases.[2]

It may be associated with Alport syndrome, craniosynostosis, dwarfism, Down syndrome, Parry–Romberg syndrome, Marfan syndrome, mucolipidosis, Frank–ter Haar syndrome, crouzon syndrome, megalocornea-mental retardation syndrome etc.[2][3]

Eyes are usually highly myopic.[4] There may be 'with the rule' astigmatism.[2] Lens may be luxated due to zonular streaching.[4]In rare cases, it might be associated with intellectual disabilities.

Anterior megalophthalmos in a child, corneal diameter is 17 mm

References

  1. ↑ Moshirfar, Majid; Hastings, Jordan; Ronquillo, Yasmyne (2023). "Megalocornea". StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. Archived from the original on 1 July 2023. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Scott R., Lambert; Christopher J., Lyons (2013). Taylor and Hoyt's pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus (5th ed.). Edinburgh: Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-7020-6617-7. OCLC 960162637.
  3. ↑ Alastair K. O., Denniston; Philip I., Murray (2018). Oxford handbook of ophthalmology (4th ed.). New York: Oxford university press. ISBN 978-0-19-252674-8. OCLC 1035556464.
  4. 1 2 John F., Salmon (2020). Kanski's clinical ophthalmology : a systematic approach (9th ed.). Edinburgh: Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-7020-7713-5. OCLC 1131846767.
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