Skin manifestations of sarcoidosis

Skin manifestations of sarcoidosis
A rash on the cheek of a person infected with sarcoidosis
ComplicationsSkin ulcers, infection

Sarcoidosis may present with signs and symptoms in skin; typically small bumps, plaques, and ulcers.[1] Other features include erythema nodosum, maculopapular eruptions, subcutaneous nodules, and lupus pernio.

Treatment is not required, since the lesions usually resolve spontaneously in two to four weeks. Although it may be disfiguring, cutaneous sarcoidosis rarely causes major problems.[2]

Around 25% of people with sarcoidosis have affected skin.[1]

Classification

Morphology

Ulcerative sarcoidosis is a cutaneous condition affecting roughly 5% of people with sarcoidosis.[3]: 710 

Annular sarcoidosis is a cutaneous condition characterized by papular skin lesions arranged in annular patterns, usually with a red-brown hue.[3]: 709 

Pattern

Morpheaform sarcoidosis is a very rare cutaneous condition characterized by specific cutaneous skin lesions of sarcoidosis accompanied by substantial fibrosis, simulating morphea.[3]: 711 

Erythrodermic sarcoidosis is a cutaneous condition and very rare form of sarcoidosis.[3]: 710 

Hypopigmented sarcoidosis is a cutaneous condition characterized by areas of hypopigmented skin. It is usually diagnosed in darkly pigmented races and may be the earliest sign of sarcoidosis.[3]: 709 

Papular sarcoid is a cutaneous condition characterized by papules, which are the most common morphology of cutaneous sarcoidosis.[3]: 708 

Ichthyosiform sarcoidosis is a cutaneous condition resembling ichthyosis vulgaris or acquired ichthyosis, with fine scaling usually on the distal extremities, by caused by sarcoidosis.[3]: 710 

Location

Subcutaneous sarcoidosis (also known as "Darier–Roussy disease"[4] and "Darier-Roussy sarcoid") is a cutaneous condition characterized by numerous 0.5- to 0.3-cm deep-seated nodules on the trunk and extremities.[3]: 710 

Scar sarcoid (also known as "Sarcoidosis in scars") is a cutaneous condition characterized by infiltration and elevation of tattoos and old flat scars due to sarcoidosis.[3]: 710 

Mucosal sarcoidosis is a cutaneous condition characterized by pinhead-sized papules that may be grouped and fused together to form a flat plaque.[3]: 711 

Erythrodermic sarcoidosis is a cutaneous condition and very rare form of sarcoidosis.[3]: 710 

Sarcoidosis-face

References

  1. 1 2 Onalaja, Amanda; Taylor, Susan C. (2021). "1. Defining skin of color". In Li, Becky S.; Maibach, Howard I. (eds.). Ethnic Skin and Hair and Other Cultural Considerations. Switzerland: Springer. p. 10. ISBN 978-3-030-64829-9. Archived from the original on 2023-04-01. Retrieved 2023-04-01.
  2. ↑ Harrison's Practice Archived 2012-04-28 at the Wayback Machine, Sarcoidosis.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
  4. ↑ Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. p. 1421. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.
Classification
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