Occipital bun

Occipital bun on a modern human male

An occipital bun, also called occipital spurs, occipital knob, chignon hooks or inion hooks, is a prominent bulge or projection of the occipital bone at the back of the skull. It is important in scientific descriptions of classic Neanderthal crania. While common among many of humankind's ancestors, primarily robust relatives rather than gracile, the protrusion is still relatively prevalent in modern Homo sapiens.

A substantiated theory attributes them to enlargement of the cerebellum, visual cortex and secondary visual cortex, not to be confused with imagination using frontal lobes and senses, passively or actively, sensical or non-sensical.

There are still some human populations which often exhibit occipital buns. A greater proportion of early modern Europeans had them, but extremely prominent occipital buns in modern populations are now fairly infrequent, but exist frequently in certain populations.

A study conducted by Lieberman, Pearson and Mowbray provides evidence that individuals with narrow heads (dolichocephalic) or narrow cranial bases and relatively large brains are more likely to have occipital buns as a means of resolving a spatial packing problem.[1]

The occipital bun on a Neanderthal skull

See also

References

  1. ↑ Lieberman DE, Pearson OM, Mowbray KM (2000). "Basicranial influence on overall cranial shape". J. Hum. Evol. 38 (2): 291–315. doi:10.1006/jhev.1999.0335. PMID 10656780.
  • PBS.org - 'Neanderthals on Trial' (January 22, 2002)
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