Photopharmacology

Photopharmacology, an emerging approach in medicine, involves activating and deactivating photoswitchable molecules with light for target drug delivery. Clinicians use the energy of light to change the shape and chemical properties of a drug, resulting in different biological activity.[1] This is done to ultimately achieve control of when and where drugs are active in a reversible manner, and to prevent side effects and exposure to the environment of antibiotics.[2] Switching drugs "on" and "off" is achieved by introducing photoswitches such as azobenzene, spiropyran or diarylethene into the drug. Photopharmalogical drugs with a photoswitch have two different states, which light can toggle between. Since both states have a different structure, the activity of the drug is different, hence the "on" and "off" state of the drug.[3][4] An example is photostatin, which is an inhibitor that can be switched on and off in vivo to optically control microtubule dynamics.[5][6]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Szymanski Lab". www.szymanski-lab.nl. Retrieved 2020-04-23.
  2. ↑ "Photopharmacology offers light-controlled drugs and therapies". optics.org. Retrieved 2020-04-23.
  3. ↑ Velema, Willem A.; Szymanski, Wiktor; Feringa, Ben L. (12 February 2014). "Photopharmacology: Beyond Proof of Principle". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136 (6): 2178–2191. doi:10.1021/ja413063e. hdl:11370/d6714f52-c2c8-4e48-b345-238e98bcc776. PMID 24456115.
  4. ↑ Broichhagen, Johannes (2015). "A Roadmap to Success in Photopharmacology". Accounts of Chemical Research. 48 (7): 1947–1960. doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00129. PMID 26103428.
  5. ↑ Borowiak, Malgorzata; Nahaboo, Wallis; Reynders, Martin; Nekolla, Katharina; Jalinot, Pierre; Hasserodt, Jens; Rehberg, Markus; Delattre, Marie; Zahler, Stefan (2015-07-16). "Photoswitchable Inhibitors of Microtubule Dynamics Optically Control Mitosis and Cell Death". Cell. 162 (2): 403–411. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.06.049. ISSN 0092-8674. PMID 26165941.
  6. ↑ "Colourful chemotherapy". The Economist. July 11, 2015. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 2016-05-01.
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