Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum

Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum
Scientific classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Proteobacteria
Class: Betaproteobacteria
Order: Burkholderiales
Family: Burkholderiaceae
Genus: Ralstonia
Species:
R. pseudosolanacearum
Binomial name
Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum
Safni et al. 2014

Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum is a soil-borne bacterium. It is a vascular phytopathogen that infects host plants through the root system causing wilting disease that causes loss in a wide range of crops.[1] R. pseudosolanacearum is gram negative and was originally identified as Ralstonia solanacearum, however, in 2014 Safni et al. proposed a taxonomic revision of the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex to reclassify phylotype strains, including R. pseudosolanacearum (R. solanacearum Phylotype I and III). [2]

R. pseudosolanacearum has been reported in a wide variety of crops including ornamental roses (Rosa sp.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), sweet pepper (Capsicum annum) and eggplant (Solanum melongena). [3] Recent studies have found significant differences in disease severity influenced by higher temperatures (28°C) indicating temperature may be a virulence factor upon host colonization. The same study also reported wound inoculation resulted in higher disease severity regardless of temperatures tested (20°C -vs- 28°C) in addition to potential implications of latent infections. [3]

Genetics (Strain Tg03)

  • Median GC content: 66.9327%
  • Genome size (Mp): 5.75905
  • Strain Tg03 Genome size (genes): 5463
  • NCBI Accession number: GCA_003725665.1[4]

Methods of detection

Diagnostic procedures using conventional PCR identification have been established due to the detrimental effects this bacterial pathogen can have. Plants infected by phylotype I have been shown to exhibit wilt, necrosis of the stem and visible internal vascular browning. Due to the severity of bacterial wilt in plants, methods of detecting R. pseudosolanacearum concentrations within drain water have been developed.[5]

Virulence studies

Studies have found that light plays an important role to the colonization of Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum in tomato plants.[1]

References

  1. 1 2 Tano, Josefina; Ripa, María Belén; Tondo, María Laura; Carrau, Analía; Petrocelli, Silvana; Rodriguez, María Victoria; Ferreira, Virginia; Siri, María Inés; Piskulic, Laura; Orellano, Elena Graciela (2021-07-15). "Light modulates important physiological features of Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum during the colonization of tomato plants". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): 14531. Bibcode:2021NatSR..1114531T. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-93871-9. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 8282871. PMID 34267245.
  2. ↑ Safni, Irda; Cleenwerck, Ilse; De Vos, Paul; Fegan, Mark; Sly, Lindsay; Kappler, UlrikeYR 2014 (2014). "Polyphasic taxonomic revision of the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex: proposal to emend the descriptions of Ralstonia solanacearum and Ralstonia syzygii and reclassify current R. syzygii strains as Ralstonia syzygii subsp. syzygii subsp. nov., R. solanacearum phylotype IV strains as Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis subsp. nov., banana blood disease bacterium strains as Ralstonia syzygii subsp. celebesensis subsp. nov. and R. solanacearum phylotype I and III strains as Ralstoniapseudosolanacearum sp. nov". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 64 (Pt_9): 3087–3103. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.066712-0. ISSN 1466-5034. PMID 24944341.
  3. 1 2 Tjou-Tam-Sin, Napoleon N. A.; van de Bilt, Jeroen L. J.; Westenberg, Marcel; Gorkink-Smits, Peggy P. M. A.; Landman, N. Marco; Bergsma-Vlami, Maria (2017). "Assessing the Pathogenic Ability of Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum (Ralstonia solanacearum Phylotype I) from Ornamental Rosa spp. Plants". Frontiers in Plant Science. 8: 1895. doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.01895. ISSN 1664-462X. PMC 5673649. PMID 29163615.
  4. ↑ "Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum (ID 70182) - Genome - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2021-10-06.
  5. ↑ Sedighian, N.; Mendes, O.; Poleij, L.; Bonants, P.; Wolf, J. van der (2020). "Detection of Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum in drain water based on concentration, enrichment and the use of a duplex TaqMan PCR test". EPPO Bulletin. 50 (2): 340–349. doi:10.1111/epp.12675. ISSN 1365-2338. S2CID 225404163.
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