Smacoviridae

Smacoviridae
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Monodnaviria
Kingdom: Shotokuvirae
Phylum: Cressdnaviricota
Class: Arfiviricetes
Order: Cremevirales
Family: Smacoviridae

Smacoviridae is a family of single-stranded DNA viruses.[1] The genomes of this family are small (2.3–2.8 kilobases in length). The name Smacoviridae stands for 'small circular genome virus'.[2] The genomes are circular single-stranded DNA and encode rolling-circle replication initiation proteins (Rep) and unique capsid proteins. As of 2021, 12 genera and 84 species are recognized in this family.[3][4] The viruses in this taxon were isolated from faecal samples from insects and vertebrates by metagenomic methods. Little is known about their biology.

Taxonomy

The family Smacoviridae is the sole member of the order Cremevirales and together with other families of CRESS DNA viruses is included within the phylum Cressdnaviricota.[5]

The family currently includes the following genera:[3][4]

  • Babosmacovirus
  • Bonzesmacovirus
  • Bostasmacovirus
  • Bovismacovirus
  • Cosmacovirus
  • Dragsmacovirus
  • Drosmacovirus
  • Felismacovirus
  • Huchismacovirus
  • Inpeasmacovirus
  • Porprismacovirus
  • Simismacovirus

Biology

These viruses have single stranded genomes of 2.3–2.8 kilobases in length. The genome encodes two proteins, a Rep (replicator) and a CP (capsid) protein.

References

  1. ↑ Varsani, A; Krupovic, M (2018). "Smacoviridae: a new family of animal-associated single-stranded DNA viruses". Archives of Virology. 163 (7): 2005–2015. doi:10.1007/s00705-018-3820-z. PMID 29572596. S2CID 4227007.
  2. ↑ Ng, TF; Zhang, W; Sachsenröder, J; Kondov, NO; da Costa, AC; Vega, E; Holtz, LR; Wu, G; Wang, D; Stine, CO; Antonio, M; Mulvaney, US; Muench, MO; Deng, X; Ambert-Balay, K; Pothier, P; Vinjé, J; Delwart, E (2015). "A diverse group of small circular ssDNA viral genomes in human and non-human primate stools". Virus Evolution. 1 (1): vev017. doi:10.1093/ve/vev017. PMC 5014484. PMID 27774288.
  3. 1 2 Krupovic, M; Varsani, A (21 September 2021). "A 2021 taxonomy update for the family Smacoviridae". Archives of Virology. 166 (11): 3245–3253. doi:10.1007/s00705-021-05224-6. PMID 34546431.
  4. 1 2 "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
  5. ↑ Krupovic, M; Varsani, A; Kazlauskas, D; Breitbart, M; Delwart, E; Rosario, K; Yutin, N; Wolf, YI; Harrach, B; Zerbini, FM; Dolja, VV; Kuhn, JH; Koonin, EV (1 June 2020). "Cressdnaviricota: a Virus Phylum Unifying Seven Families of Rep-Encoding Viruses with Single-Stranded, Circular DNA Genomes". Journal of Virology. 94 (12): e00582-20. doi:10.1128/JVI.00582-20. PMC 7307096. PMID 32269128.
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