Serous cystadenoma of the ovary

Ovarian serous cystadenoma
Ovarian serous cystadenoma. The cystic space is at the top of the image. Ovarian parenchyma is seen at the bottom right. H&E stain.

Ovarian serous cystadenoma is a type of serous tumor of the ovary.[1] It is typically larger than 1cm in diameter.[2]

It is the most common ovarian neoplasm, representing 20% of ovarian neoplasms, and is benign.[3]

It has a very superficial resemblance to the most common type of ovarian cancer (serous carcinoma of the ovary) under the microscope; however, (1) it is virtually impossible to mix-up with its malignant counterpart (serous carcinoma), and (2) does not share genetic traits of indeterminate serous tumours, also called serous borderline tumours, that may transform into serous carcinoma.[4]

Serous cystadenomas (of the ovary) are not related to serous cystadenomas of the pancreas, i.e. the presence of an ovarian or pancreatic one does not suggest an increased risk for the other one.

Diagnostic Procedures includes initially ultrasound or colour doppler study to know about size and nature of mass and sometimes CECT. Blood investigation includes CA-125 level for screening and further CEA, beta hCG levels, AFP, CA19-9, LDH level to confirm diagnosis. And before going to surgery routine investigation to be done.

Diagnosis

Serous cystadenomas are diagnosed by histomorphologic examination, by pathologists. Grossly, they are, usually, small unilocular cysts that contain clear, straw-coloured fluid. However, they may sometimes be multilocular. Microscopically, the cyst lining consists of a simple epithelium, whose cells may be either:[5]

  • be columnar and tall and contain cilia, resembling normal tubal epithelium
  • be cuboidal and have no cilia, resembling ovarian surface epithelium

Microscopical images

Epidemiology

Ovarian serous cystadenoma accounts for the largest proportion of benign ovarian tumours, making up over 50–80% of all benign epithelial ovarian tumours. Its prevalence peaks between 60–70 years of the human lifespan. Serous ovarian cystadenocarcinomas account for ~25% of serous tumours.[6]

References

  1. ↑ WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board, ed. (2020). "1. Tumours of the ovary: serous cystadenoma, adenofibroma, and surface papilloma of the ovary". Female genital tumours: WHO Classification of Tumours. Vol. 4 (5th ed.). Lyon (France): International Agency for Research on Cancer. pp. 36–37. ISBN 978-92-832-4504-9. Archived from the original on 2022-06-17. Retrieved 2022-06-29.
  2. ↑ Rashid, Sameera; Arafah, Maria A.; Akhtar, Mohammed (1 May 2022). "The Many Faces of Serous Neoplasms and Related Lesions of the Female Pelvis: A Review". Advances in Anatomic Pathology. 29 (3): 154–167. doi:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000334. ISSN 1533-4031. Archived from the original on 29 July 2022. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  3. ↑ Peterson CM (1997). "Common Causes of Ovarian Enlargement: Ovarian neoplasms". Human Reproduction. University of Utah Medpath. Archived from the original on 2022-06-18. Retrieved 2022-06-29.
  4. ↑ Cheng EJ, Kurman RJ, Wang M, Oldt R, Wang BG, Berman DM, Shih I (June 2004). "Molecular genetic analysis of ovarian serous cystadenomas". Laboratory Investigation; A Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology. 84 (6): 778–784. doi:10.1038/labinvest.3700103. PMID 15077125.
  5. ↑ Ehdaivand S. "Ovary tumor - serous tumors - Serous cystadenoma / adenofibroma / surface papilloma". Pathology Outlines. Archived from the original on 2020-02-24. Retrieved 2022-06-29. Topic Completed: 1 June 2012. Revised: 5 March 2020
  6. ↑ Radswiki. "Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma". | Radiology Reference Article. Radiopaedia.org. Archived from the original on 2019-07-11. Retrieved 2019-09-21.
Classification
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