وحش بحر قزوين

معلومات عامة
النوع	إيكرانوبلاين
الصانع	Central Hydrofoil Design Bureau
المصمم	روستيسلاف Evgenievich الكسيف
الكمية المصنوعة	1
أول طيران	16 أكتوبر 1966
الوضع الحالي	تحطمت في عام 1980
المستخدم الأساسي	البحرية السوفيتية

وحش بحر قزوين (بالإنجليزية: Caspian Sea Monster)‏، رسميا «كم» «KM» (Korabl Maket، بالروسية - Корабль-макет Experimental Craft),[1] والمعروفة أيضا باسم «وحش قزوين»، كانت مركبة تجريبية للأثر الأرضي (أو إيكرانوبلاين)، وقد طورت من قيل مكتب تصميم روستيسلاف اليكسييف.

التاريخ

تم تصميم KM في 1964-1965، وكانت فريده من نوعها من حيث الحجم والحمولة. وأظهرت الصور الأولى لأقمار التجسس الأمريكية طائرة غريبة تحمل الحروف "KM" على جسمها. وكالة المخابرات المركزية كشفت عنها وسمتها ب«وحش قزوين»، في حين أن (KM) ("Korabl maket") تعني - «نموذج سفينة» باللغة الروسية. وكان كبير المصممين لهذه الطائرة روستيسلاف اليكسييف (Rostislav Alexeyev).[2][3][4][5]

اختبار

بدأ اختبار (KM) في عام 1966 في بحر قزوين قرب كاسبييسك (داغستان).

مواصفات (KM)

البيانات من The Osprey Encyclopedia of Russian Aircraft 1875 - 1995,[6] Russias Ekranoplans:The Caspian Sea Monster and other WiG Craft[7]

الخصائص العامة

طول: 92.00 م (301 قدم 10 بوصة)
باع الجناح: 37.60 م (123 قدم 4 بوصة)
Tail stabilizer span: 37 م (121 قدم 5 بوصة)
ارتفاع: 21.80 م (71 قدم 6 بوصة)
مساحة الجناح: 662.50 م² (7,131.1 قدم²)
الوزن فارغة: 240,000 كـغ (529,109 رطل)
وزن الإقلاع الأقصى: 544,000 كـغ (1,199,315 رطل)
محركات: 10 × Dobrynin VD-7 turbojet, 127.53 كـن (28,670 رطل_ق) دفع الواحد

أداء

السرعة القصوى: 500 كم/س (311 ميل/س؛ 270 عقدة)
سرعة العبور: 430 كم/س (267 ميل/س؛ 232 عقدة)
مدى: 1,500 كـم (932 ميل؛ 810 nmi)
Ground effect altitude: 4–14 م (13 قدم 1 بوصة–45 قدم 11 بوصة)
Maximum sea state: 1.2 م (3 قدم 11 بوصة)

في وسائل الإعلام

فلايت سيميولتر إكس features KM in a mission. The Deluxe Edition contains additional missions, one of which also depicts KM.

مراجع

Liang Yun, Alan Bliault, Johnny Doo; WIG Craft and Ekranoplan: Ground Effect Craft Technology; Page 42 (2009)
"In Russian KM stands for “Naval Ship Prototype”, not “Caspian Sea Monster” [4]. The craft was 92.3 m overall length, 37.6 m maximum width, 22 m maximum height and weighed 544 t, almost twice that of the Boeing 747 jet airliner models ..
Sergey Komissarov; Russia's Ekranoplans: The Caspian Sea Monster and Other WIG Craft; (2003)
"As such they promptly attracted the attention of the military and thus have been veiled in secrecy until recently .The book describes in detail the many series of WIGE vehicles developed by various design bureaus, including the Orlyonok, the ..."
National Research Council; Reducing the Logistics Burden for the Army After Next Committee to Perform a Technology Assessment Focused on Logistics Support Requirements for Future Army Combat Systems; Page 68 (1999)
"The Russians have developed this technology to the point of demonstrating large WIG aircraft, notably the Caspian Sea Monster, which has a maximum takeoff weight of 540 metric tons. This large aircraft has flown at 650 km/h (350 knots) just ..."
Liang Yun, Alan Bliault; High Performance Marine Vessels; Page 89 (2012)
"NATO called this flying object the “Caspian Sea Monster”. Analysis suggested the craft was actually double the size of a Boeing 747, weighing about 500 t, so that it could possibly accommodate about 900 marine troops (Fig. 3.1)."
Anne H. Cahn; Killing Detente: The Right Attacks the CIA; Page 65 (1998)
"It depicted "the Great Caspian Sea Monster," purporting to be the largest aircraft in the world, weighing five hundred tons. Like the hovercraft, the ship was to ride on an air cushion at speeds up to 350 miles per hour. Flying only twenty-five to ..."
Gunston, Bill (1995)، The Osprey Encyclopedia of Russian Aircraft 1875-1995، London: Osprey Aerospace، ص. 512–513، ISBN 1855324059.
Komissarov, Sergey (2002)، Russias Ekranoplans:The Caspian Sea Monster and other WiG Craft، Hinkley: Midland Publishing، ISBN 1857801466.

وصلات خارجية

بوابة طيران
بوابة الحرب الباردة
بوابة الاتحاد السوفيتي

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[1] Liang Yun, Alan Bliault, Johnny Doo; WIG Craft and Ekranoplan: Ground Effect Craft Technology; Page 42 (2009)
"In Russian KM stands for “Naval Ship Prototype”, not “Caspian Sea Monster” [4]. The craft was 92.3 m overall length, 37.6 m maximum width, 22 m maximum height and weighed 544 t, almost twice that of the Boeing 747 jet airliner models ..

[2] Sergey Komissarov; Russia's Ekranoplans: The Caspian Sea Monster and Other WIG Craft; (2003)
"As such they promptly attracted the attention of the military and thus have been veiled in secrecy until recently .The book describes in detail the many series of WIGE vehicles developed by various design bureaus, including the Orlyonok, the ..."

[3] National Research Council; Reducing the Logistics Burden for the Army After Next Committee to Perform a Technology Assessment Focused on Logistics Support Requirements for Future Army Combat Systems; Page 68 (1999)
"The Russians have developed this technology to the point of demonstrating large WIG aircraft, notably the Caspian Sea Monster, which has a maximum takeoff weight of 540 metric tons. This large aircraft has flown at 650 km/h (350 knots) just ..."

[4] Liang Yun, Alan Bliault; High Performance Marine Vessels; Page 89 (2012)
"NATO called this flying object the “Caspian Sea Monster”. Analysis suggested the craft was actually double the size of a Boeing 747, weighing about 500 t, so that it could possibly accommodate about 900 marine troops (Fig. 3.1)."

[5] Anne H. Cahn; Killing Detente: The Right Attacks the CIA; Page 65 (1998)
"It depicted "the Great Caspian Sea Monster," purporting to be the largest aircraft in the world, weighing five hundred tons. Like the hovercraft, the ship was to ride on an air cushion at speeds up to 350 miles per hour. Flying only twenty-five to ..."

[Gunstonruss-6] Gunston, Bill (1995)، The Osprey Encyclopedia of Russian Aircraft 1875-1995، London: Osprey Aerospace، ص. 512–513، ISBN 1855324059.

[Komissarovwig-7] Komissarov, Sergey (2002)، Russias Ekranoplans:The Caspian Sea Monster and other WiG Craft، Hinkley: Midland Publishing، ISBN 1857801466.