(7482) 1994 PC1

(7482) 1994 PC1 is a stony asteroid, classified as near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group, approximately 1.1 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 9 August 1994, by astronomer Robert McNaught at the Siding Spring Observatory in Coonabarabran, Australia.[2] With an observation arc of 47 years it has a very well known orbit and was observed by Goldstone radar in January 1997.[6] The 2022 approach has been observed every month since August 2021.[2]

(7482) 1994 PC1
Orbit with positions Jan 2020
Discovery[1]
Discovered byR. H. McNaught
Discovery siteSiding Spring Obs.
Discovery date9 August 1994
Designations
(7482) 1994 PC1
1994 PC1
Apollo · NEO · PHA[1][2]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 2022-Jan-21 (JD 2459600.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc47.23 yr (17,251 days)
Earliest precovery date22 September 1974
Aphelion1.7935 AU
Perihelion0.9042 AU
1.3488 AU
Eccentricity0.3297
1.56 yr (572 days)
337.27°
0° 37m 51.6s / day
Inclination33.479°
117.88°
47.477°
Earth MOID0.00054 AU (0.21 LD)
Mars MOID0.139 AU (20.8 million km)[2]
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
1.052±0.303 km[3]
1.30 km (calculated)[4]
2.5999 h[5]
0.277±0.185[3]
0.20 (assumed)[4]
SMASS = S[1][4]
16.6[1][4] · 16.80±0.3[3]

    Orbit and classification

    1994 PC1 orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.9–1.8 AU once every 1 years and 7 months (572 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.33 and an inclination of 33° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    On 17 January 1933, it passed 811,350 km (504,150 mi) from the Moon and then about an hour later made its closest known approach to Earth of 1,125,400 km (699,300 mi).[1] On 18 January 2022, it passed about 1,981,468 km (1,231,227 mi) from Earth.[1]

    Close approaches[1]
    Date JPL SBDB
    nominal geocentric
    distance    		 uncertainty
    region
    (3-sigma)
    1933-01-171125383 km± 65 km[lower-alpha 1]
    2022-01-181981468 km± 47 km[7]
    2105-01-182328125 km± 1069 km[8]

    Physical characteristics

    In the SMASS classification, 1994 PC1 is a common stony S-type asteroid.[1][4]

    Rotation period

    In 1998, a rotational lightcurve of 1994 PC1 was obtained from photometric observations by Petr Pravec. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 2.5999 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.29 magnitude (U=3).[5]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, 1994 PC1 measures 1.052 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.277.[3] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 1.30 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 16.8.[4]

    2022 flyby

    At 18 January 2022 21:51 UTC, 1994 PC1 passed 5.15 lunar distances from Earth[1] and had a 3-sigma uncertainty region of less than ± 50 km.[7] It peaked at an apparent magnitude of about 10[9] placing it just outside the reach of common 7×50 binoculars. The nearly Full moon being about 100 degrees from the asteroid during closest approach may have made it more difficult to observe with smaller telescopes.

    2022 Moon/Earth approach
    Date & Time Approach
    to    		 Nominal distance
    2022-01-18 18:58Moon2085780 km[10]
    2022-01-18 21:51Earth1981468 km[1]
    Animation of 1994 PC1 - 2022 close approach
      Sun ·   Earth ·   1994 PC1
    Sky trajectory with daily motion
    History of close approaches of large near-Earth objects since 1908 (A)
    PHA Date Approach distance (lunar dist.) Abs.
    mag
    (H)    		 Diameter (C)
    (m)    		 Ref (D)
    Nomi-
    nal(B)    		 Mini-
    mum    		 Maxi-
    mum
    (33342) 1998 WT241908-12-163.5423.5373.54717.9556–1795data
    (458732) 2011 MD51918-09-170.9110.9090.91317.9556–1795data
    (7482) 1994 PC11933-01-172.9272.9272.92816.8749–1357data
    69230 Hermes1937-10-301.9261.9261.92717.5668–2158data
    69230 Hermes1942-04-261.6511.6511.65117.5668–2158data
    (137108) 1999 AN101946-08-072.4322.4292.43517.9556–1795data
    (33342) 1998 WT241956-12-163.5233.5233.52317.9556–1795data
    (163243) 2002 FB31961-04-124.9034.9004.90616.41669–1695data
    (192642) 1999 RD321969-08-273.6273.6253.63016.31161–3750data
    (143651) 2003 QO1041981-05-182.7612.7602.76116.01333–4306data
    2017 CH11992-06-054.6913.3916.03717.9556–1795data
    (170086) 2002 XR141995-06-244.2594.2594.26018.0531–1714data
    (33342) 1998 WT242001-12-164.8594.8594.85917.9556–1795data
    4179 Toutatis2004-09-294.0314.0314.03115.32440–2450data
    2014 JO252017-04-194.5734.5734.57317.8582–1879data
    (137108) 1999 AN102027-08-071.0141.0101.01917.9556–1795data
    (35396) 1997 XF112028-10-262.4172.4172.41816.9881–2845data
    (154276) 2002 SY502071-10-303.4153.4123.41817.6714–1406data
    (164121) 2003 YT12073-04-294.4094.4094.40916.21167–2267data
    (385343) 2002 LV2076-08-044.1844.1834.18516.61011–3266data
    (52768) 1998 OR22079-04-164.6114.6114.61215.81462–4721data
    (33342) 1998 WT242099-12-184.9194.9194.91917.9556–1795data
    (85182) 1991 AQ2130-01-274.1404.1394.14117.11100data
    314082 Dryope2186-07-163.7092.9964.78617.5668–2158data
    (137126) 1999 CF92192-08-214.9704.9674.97318.0531–1714data
    (290772) 2005 VC2198-05-051.9511.7912.13417.6638–2061data
    (A) List includes near-Earth approaches of less than 5 lunar distances (LD) of objects with H brighter than 18.
    (B) Nominal geocentric distance from the Earth's center to the object's center (Earth radius≈0.017 LD).
    (C) Diameter: estimated, theoretical mean-diameter based on H and albedo range between X and Y.
    (D) Reference: data source from the JPL SBDB, with AU converted into LD (1 AU≈390 LD)
    (E) Color codes:   unobserved at close approach   observed during close approach   upcoming approaches

    Naming

    As of 2022, this minor planet has not been named.[2]

    See also

    Notes
    1. The 1933 approach is better constrained than the 2105 approach as a result of the 1974, 1977, 1980 precovery images of the asteroid.[lower-alpha 2]

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 7482 (1994 PC1)" (Under "Distance Units" select km for more sig figs). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
    2. "7482 (1994 PC1)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
    3. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; McMillan, R. S.; et al. (November 2012). "Physical Parameters of Asteroids Estimated from the WISE 3-Band Data and NEOWISE Post-Cryogenic Survey". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 760 (1): 6. arXiv:1210.0502. Bibcode:2012ApJ...760L..12M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/760/1/L12. S2CID 41459166.
    4. "LCDB Data for (7482)". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 2 November 2017.
    5. Pravec, Petr; Wolf, Marek; Sarounová, Lenka (November 1998). "Lightcurves of 26 Near-Earth Asteroids". Icarus. 136 (1): 124–153. Bibcode:1998Icar..136..124P. doi:10.1006/icar.1998.5993.
    6. "Asteroid Radar History". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
    7. "Horizons Batch for 2022-Jan-18 21:51 UT". JPL Horizons. Archived from the original on 13 January 2022. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
    8. "Horizons Batch for 2105-Jan-18 12:28 UT". JPL Horizons. Archived from the original on 13 January 2022. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
    9. "Earth Approach Jan 2022". JPL Horizons. Retrieved 5 January 2022.
    10. "Moon Horizons Batch for 2022-Jan-18 18:58 UT". JPL Horizons. Archived from the original on 19 January 2022. Retrieved 19 January 2021.


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