1759 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1759.
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Events
- By January 15 – Voltaire's satirical novella Candide, ou l'Optimisme is published simultaneously in five countries.
- January 15 – The British Museum opens in London.
- March 5 – Denis Diderot's Encyclopédie is proscribed by the Vatican and (on March 8) temporarily suppressed by the French government. The ban is lifted in September to allow publication of a revised version.[1]
- July 27 – The earliest known professional performance of Shakespeare's Hamlet in North America (in Garrick's version) is given by the American Company in Philadelphia, with Lewis Hallam Jr. as Hamlet.[2]
- August 12 – In the Seven Years' War Battle of Kunersdorf, the German poet Major Ewald Christian von Kleist is fatally injured.
- December – Laurence Sterne has the first two volumes of his comic metafictional novel The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman printed in York, in a shop owned by Ann Ward.
- December 22 – The writer and critic William Warburton is nominated Anglican Bishop of Gloucester.[3]
- unknown dates
- Rev. Hugh Blair begins to teach a course on the principles of literary composition at the University of Edinburgh, the first held in the field of English literature.[4]
- Johann Ernst Immanuel Walch becomes a professor of rhetoric and poetry at the University of Jena.
New books
Fiction
- Anonymous – The History of Some of the Penitents in the Magdalen-House (dated 1760)
- Sarah Fielding – The History of the Countess of Dellwyn
- Samuel Johnson – The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abissinia (on Wikisource).
- Gotthold Lessing – Fables
- Madame Riccoboni – Lettres de Milady Juliette Catesby
- William Rider – Candidus (translation of Candide)
- Laurence Sterne – The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, vols 1–2
- Voltaire – Candide
Drama
- William Hawkins – Cymbeline (adapted from William Shakespeare)
- Arthur Murphy – The Orphan of China
- James Townley – High Life Below Stairs
Poetry
- Samuel Butler – The Genuine Remains (collected works)
- Edward Capell – Prolusions
- John Gilbert Cooper – Ver-Vert (transl.)
- William Mason – Caractacus
- Augustus Montague Toplady – Poems on Sacred Subjects
Non-fiction
- Franz Aepinus – Tentamen Theoriae Electricitatis et Magnetismi (An Attempt at a Theory of Electricity and Magnetism)
- Edmund Burke – The Annual Register
- Angélique du Coudray – Abrégé de l'art des accouchements (The Art of Obstetrics)
- Alexander Gerard – An Essay on Taste
- Oliver Goldsmith
- The Bee (periodical solely by Goldsmith)
- An Enquiry into the Present State of Polite Learning in Europe
- David Hume – The History of England, Under the House of Tudor
- Richard Hurd – Moral and Political Dialogues
- Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon – The Life of Edward Earl of Clarendon Written by Himself
- Rai Chatar Man Kayath – Chahar Gulshan
- William Robertson – The History of Scotland during the Reigns of Queen Mary and of King James
- Adam Smith – The Theory of Moral Sentiments
- Arthur Young – Reflections on the Present State of Affairs at Home and Abroad
- Edward Young – Conjectures on Original Composition
Births
- January 25 – Robert Burns, Scottish poet writing in Braid Scots and English (died 1796)[5]
- March 5 – John Jamieson, Scottish lexicographer (died 1838)[6]
- March 29 – Alexander Chalmers, Scottish biographer and editor (died 1834)
- April 27 – Mary Wollstonecraft, English political writer and advocate of women's rights (died 1797)[7]
- May 4 (baptism) – Isabella Kelly, Scottish novelist and poet (died 1857)[8]
- June 17 – Helen Maria Williams, English novelist, poet and translator from French (died 1827)
- October 13 – Mary Hays, English writer and advocate of women's rights (died 1843)
- November 10 – Friedrich Schiller, German poet and dramatist (died 1805)
- December 25 – Richard Porson, English classicist (died 1808)
- unknown date – Deen Mahomet, author of first book in English by an Indian (died 1851)[9]
Deaths
- June 12 – William Collins, English poet (born 1721)
- June 26 – Arthur Young, English religious writer and cleric (born 1693)
- July 27 – Pierre Louis Maupertuis, French philosopher (born 1698)
- July 29 – Kata Bethlen, Hungarian memoirist and correspondent (born 1700)
- August 16 – Eugene Aram, English philologist and murderer, hanged (born 1704)
- August 24 – Ewald Christian von Kleist, German poet (born 1715)
- September 5 – Lauritz de Thurah, Danish architectural historian (born 1706)
- October 7 – Joseph Ames, English bibliographer and antiquary (born 1680)
- unknown date – Francis Coventry, English clergyman and novelist (born 1725)[10]
- probable – Anton Wilhelm Amo, West African-born German philosopher (born 1703)
References
- Margaret Bald (14 May 2014). Literature Suppressed on Religious Grounds. Infobase Publishing. p. 93. ISBN 978-0-8160-7148-7.
- Stanley Wells; Sarah Stanton; Wells Stanley (30 May 2002). The Cambridge Companion to Shakespeare on Stage. Cambridge University Press. p. 231. ISBN 978-0-521-79711-5.
- John Selby Watson (1863). The Life of William Warburton, Lord Bishop of Gloucester from 1760 to 1779: with Remarks on His Works. Longman. p. 495.
- William Cowper (1968). The Correspondence of William Cowper. Ardent Media. p. 188.
- "Pistols belonging to Robert Burns". National Museums Scotland. Archived from the original on 25 March 2019. Retrieved 25 March 2019.
- "Biography of John Jamieson". www.universitystory.gla.ac.uk. Retrieved 20 March 2018.
- "Mary Wollstonecraft | Biography, Works, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 25 March 2019.
- "Kelly [née Fordyce; other married name Hedgeland], Isabella (bap. 1759, d. 1857), poet and novelist". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/37626. Retrieved 25 March 2019. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- Michael H. Fisher, "Mahomed, Deen (1759–1851)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, UK: OUP), 2004 Retrieved 13 May 2017.
- The Monthly Magazine: Or, British Register ... 1808. p. 588.
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